Gas template-assisted spray pyrolysis: A facile strategy to produce porous hollow Co3O4 with tunable porosity for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode materials

Topological Formation of a Mo–Ni-Based Hollow Structure as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Solutions

“…Furthermore, analogical examples on the synthesis of hollow structures with the assistance of urea were reported previously, confirming the rational formation mechanism of MoNi-HS in this study. 37,38 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was carried out to monitor the electronic structure of Mo and Ni in MoNi-HS. The highly resolved Mo 3d signal in MoNi-HS (Figure 2a) was deconvoluted into several peaks located at 232.3, 230.3, 229.0, and 227.7 eV, indicating the presence of Mo valences of +6, +5, +4, and 0, respectively.…”

Structural and defect engineering of cobaltosic oxide nanoarchitectures as an ultrahigh energy density and super durable cathode for Zn-based batteries

“…This Co 3 O 4 architecture composed of three-dimensional (3D) ordered mesopores and abundant oxygen vacancies is facilely prepared through a simple nanocasting method and post-thermal-reduction treatment (denoted as M-Co 3 O 4– x ). The characteristic 3D mesoporous morphology design provides a large surface area, enhanced permeability and shortened ion transport distance 16,17. In addition, the appropriate channel and stable structure are beneficial to alleviate the large volume changes during the charge/discharge process,18 which are favorable to gain a longer cycling life 16,19.…”

“…The characteristic 3D mesoporous morphology design provides a large surface area, enhanced permeability and shortened ion transport distance 16,17. In addition, the appropriate channel and stable structure are beneficial to alleviate the large volume changes during the charge/discharge process,18 which are favorable to gain a longer cycling life 16,19. Meanwhile, the creation of oxygen vacancies within the metal oxide is an effective approach to improve the conductivity and achieve more active sites for surface redox reactions in electrodes,20,21 which is verified by both experimental and density functional theory (DFT) studies.…”

Rationally designed hierarchical porous CNFs/Co3O4 nanofiber-based anode for realizing high lithium ion storage

“… 9 However, Co 3 O 4 active material as an anode persistently suffers from unfortunate issues, including dramatic decreases in capacity and poor cycle performance induced by the structural instability and poor conductivity during cycling. To further get improvement in the performance for lithium ion storage, porous Co 3 O 4 structures have been designed, such as porous hollow Co 3 O 4 microspheres, 10 porous Co 3 O 4 cuboids, 11 porous hollow Co 3 O 4 /N–C polyhedra, 12 porous hollow Co 3 O 4 parallelepipeds 6 etc. The porous architecture not only has a large specific surface area for tolerating the volume expansion of Co 3 O 4 but also enriches transmission channels for lithium ions (Li + ).…”