Gas transport in shale: A critical review of experimental studies on shale permeability at a mesoscopic scale

Mukherjee, Manab; Vishal, Vikram

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104522

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In the Brace method, attaining quasi-steady equilibration pressure in nanoporous rocks requires an extended duration for the pressure pulse. The use of a small reservoir volume in modified PDP enhances instrument sensitivity to pressure changes, reduces concerns related to sample-specific storage, and shortens experimental durations. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite numerous studies (summarized in Table ), ,,− a comprehensive analysis of the coupling effect of sorbing and nonsorbing gases on shale gas fluid flow dynamics, particularly in terms of stress distribution, gas slippage, and flow regimes in a depleted reservoir is missing and, therefore, necessitating further research in this area. Nonetheless, as the pressure in the reservoir decreases, the governing factor for fluid flow transitions from the poro-elastic effect to the fluid dynamic effect. , In depleted reservoirs, as the effective stress increases, the rock matrix undergoes compaction, which can restrict long-term gas production .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory Observation of Fluid Flow in Depleted Shale Gas Reservoir: Coupling Effect of Sorbing and Non-sorbing Gas on Stress, Slippage, Flow Regime in Anisotropic and Fractured Shales

Bal,

Misra

2024

Energy Fuels

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Understanding gas flow in depleted unconventional reservoirs is crucial but limited, particularly in organic-rich shale with ultrafine nanopores and high matrix compressibility. Here, we assess the apparent permeability (k app ) along perpendicular and parallel to bedding, as well as through fractures�using shale samples from three petroliferous basins in India. Our experiments simulate depleted reservoir conditions with varying mean pore pressures (P m ), using both sorbing (N 2 , CO 2 ) and nonsorbing (He, Ar) gases, and the results are compared to nanopore structures determined through low-pressure gas sorption and He-pycnometer. We further explored the gas fluid dynamic behavior, intrinsic permeability (k ∞ ), stress sensitivity, and effective stress coefficients and correlated between experimental variables and shale properties. We found that gas type and shale anisotropy significantly influence k app . He, exhibits the highest k app , followed by Ar, N 2 , and the lowest for CO 2 due to varying adsorption affinities. At lower effective stress (σ eff < 15 MPa), bedding parallel gas flow results in higher k app , while at higher stress, perpendicular flow increases permeability. Bedding perpendicular flow is matrix-dominated, while bedding parallel flow contains stress-sensitive microfractures serving as flow conduits. CO 2 in parallel bedding and fractured samples show a nonlinear relationship between slippage factor (b) and σ eff , indicating higher sensitivity compared to bedding perpendicular samples. Gas type exerts a stronger impact on b than σ eff . Notably, CO 2 with higher adsorption affinity, low k app , and enhanced penetration capacity in complex nanopores, emerges as a practical candidate for carbon storage and enhanced oil/gas recovery.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Observation of Fluid Flow in Depleted Shale Gas Reservoir: Coupling Effect of Sorbing and Non-sorbing Gas on Stress, Slippage, Flow Regime in Anisotropic and Fractured Shales

Bal,

Misra

2024

Energy Fuels

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Review: Pre-Darcy flows in low-permeability porous media

Teng,

Li,

Chen

2024

Hydrogeol J

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The widely used Darcy’s law specifies a linear relation between the Darcy velocity of fluid flow and the pressure gradient that drives the flow. However, studies have shown that Darcy velocity can exhibit a nonlinear dependence on the pressure gradient in low-permeability porous media such as clay and shale when the pressure gradient is adequately low. This phenomenon is referred to as low-velocity non-Darcian flow or pre-Darcy flow. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the theories, experimental data, and modeling methods for pre-Darcy flow in low-permeability porous media. The review begins by outlining the fundamental mechanisms underlying pre-Darcy flow that regulate the unique characteristics such as nonlinear dependence of the Darcy velocity on the pressure gradient and its relevance to fluid–rock interactions. The review then proceeds to present a thorough compilation of experimental investigations performed in various low-permeability geomaterials including tight sandstones, shales, and clays. Next, empirical and theoretical models and simulation methods that have been developed to fit and interpret experimental data are reviewed. Finally, the review underscores the challenges encountered in conducting and interpreting pre-Darcy flow experiments and suggests future research directions. By analyzing previous experimental investigations, this review aims to offer a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to enhance their understanding of fluid dynamics in low-permeability geomaterials. This provides insights into the application of pre-Darcy flow in numerous natural and engineered processes such as shale oil and gas recovery, contaminant transport in low-permeability aquifers, and geological disposal of nuclear waste.

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Matrix permeability anisotropy of organic-rich marine shales and its geological implications: Experimental measurements and microscopic analyses

Ma,

Hu,

Pan

et al. 2025

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Gas transport in shale: A critical review of experimental studies on shale permeability at a mesoscopic scale

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Laboratory Observation of Fluid Flow in Depleted Shale Gas Reservoir: Coupling Effect of Sorbing and Non-sorbing Gas on Stress, Slippage, Flow Regime in Anisotropic and Fractured Shales

Laboratory Observation of Fluid Flow in Depleted Shale Gas Reservoir: Coupling Effect of Sorbing and Non-sorbing Gas on Stress, Slippage, Flow Regime in Anisotropic and Fractured Shales

Review: Pre-Darcy flows in low-permeability porous media

Matrix permeability anisotropy of organic-rich marine shales and its geological implications: Experimental measurements and microscopic analyses

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