Gas6 and the Tyro 3 receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily regulate the phagocytic function of Sertoli cells

Xiong, Wenyong; Chen, Yongmei; Wang, Huizhen; Wang, Haikun; Wu, Hui; Lu, Qin; Han, Daishu

doi:10.1530/rep-07-0287

Cited by 83 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…84,85 Moreover, the Gas6/ProS-TAM system facilitates phagocytic clearance of apoptotic germ cells by SCs. 86 The removal of apoptotic germ cells by phagocytes facilitates the elimination of the auto-antigens, which may reduce endogenous inflammation. We recently demonstrated that damaged germ cells induce endogenous inflammatory responses in the testis.…”

Section: Immune Privilege In the Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

et al. 2014

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The mammalian testis possesses a special immunological environment because of its properties of remarkable immune privilege and effective local innate immunity. Testicular immune privilege protects immunogenic germ cells from systemic immune attack, and local innate immunity is important in preventing testicular microbial infections. The breakdown of local testicular immune homeostasis may lead to orchitis, an etiological factor of male infertility. The mechanisms underlying testicular immune privilege have been investigated for a long time. Increasing evidence shows that both a local immunosuppressive milieu and systemic immune tolerance are involved in maintaining testicular immune privilege status. The mechanisms underlying testicular innate immunity are emerging based on the investigation of the pattern recognition receptor-mediated innate immune response in testicular cells. This review summarizes our current understanding of testicular defense mechanisms and identifies topics that merit further investigation.

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Section: Immune Privilege In the Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

et al. 2014

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“…In addition, the Sertoli cell number determines an upper limit for sperm production, a crucial detail (Sharpe, 1994(Sharpe, , 1999Buzzard et al, 2002). Sertoli cells facilitate the progression of degenerating germ cells and their remains (Griswold, 1995;Griswold, 1998;Buzzard et al, 2002;Mruk & Cheng, 2004;Oliveira et al, 2009) and it has been demonstrated that apoptotic spermatogenic cells and residual bodies are phagocytosed and degraded by Sertoli cells during mammalian spermatogenesis (Shiratsuchi et al, 1999;Xiong et al, 2008Xiong et al, , 2009.…”

Section: The Sertoli Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C and oxidative stress in the seminiferous epithelium

et al. 2011

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In this article, we focus on the fundamental role of vitamin C transporters for the normal delivery of vitamin C to germ cells in the adluminal compartment of seminiferous tubules. We argue that the redox status within spermatozoa or in semen is partly responsible for the etiology of infertility. In this context, antioxidant defence plays a critical role in male fertility. Vitamin C, a micronutrient required for a wide variety of metabolic functions, has long been associated with male reproduction. Two systems for vitamin C transport have been described in mammals. Facilitative hexose transporters (GLUTs), with 14 known isoforms to date, GLUT1-GLUT14, transport the oxidized form of vitamin C (dehydroascorbic acid) into the cells. Sodium ascorbic acid co-transporters (SVCTs), SVCT1 and SVCT2 transport the reduced form of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Sertoli cells control germ cell proliferation and differentiation through cell-cell communication and form the blood-testis barrier. Because the blood-testis barrier limits direct access of molecules from the plasma into the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubule, one important question is the method by which germ cells obtain vitamin C. Some interesting results have thrown light on this matter. Expression of SVCT2 and some isoforms of GLUT transporters in the testis have previously been described. Our group has demonstrated that Sertoli cells express functionally active vitamin C transporters. Kinetic characteristics were described for both transport systems (SVCT and GLUT systems). Sertoli cells are able to transport both forms of vitamin C. These fi ndings are extremely relevant, because Sertoli cells may control the amount of vitamin C in the adluminal compartment, as well as regulating the availability of this metabolite throughout spermatogenesis.

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“…During mammalian spermatogenesis, more than 75% of developing spermatogenic cells undergo apoptosis before maturation. 1 Moreover, under certain pathological conditions, apoptosis is very likely to occur in specific germ cells (GCs). 2 De facto the quantity of GCs is tightly regulated to match the supportive capacity of Sertoli cells (SCs).…”

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confidence: 99%

Unexpected requirement for a binding partner of the syntaxin family in phagocytosis by murine testicular Sertoli cells

Hou

et al. 2015

Cell Death Differ

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Gas6 and the Tyro 3 receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily regulate the phagocytic function of Sertoli cells

Cited by 83 publications

References 38 publications

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

Vitamin C and oxidative stress in the seminiferous epithelium

Unexpected requirement for a binding partner of the syntaxin family in phagocytosis by murine testicular Sertoli cells

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