Gasification of Rice Hulls

Abstract

Zentrum fUr Entwicklungstechnologien -GATE -stands for German Appropriate Technology Exchange. It was founded in 1978 •as a special division of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. GATE is a centre for the dissemination and promotion of appropriate technologies for developing countries. GATE defines ,Appropriate technologies" as those which are suitable and acceptable in the light of economic, social and cultural criteria. They should contribute to socio-economic development whilst ensuring optimal utilization of resources and minimal detriment to the environment. Depending on the case at hand a traditional, intermediate or highly-developed can be the ,appropriate" one. GATE focusses its work on four key areas: -Technology Exchange: Collecting, processing and disseminating information on technologies appropriate to the needs of the developing countries; ascertaining the technological requirements of Third World countries; support in the form of personnel, material and equipment to promote the development and adaptation of technologies for developing countries.-Research and Development~• Conducting and/or promoting research and development work in appropriate technologies.-Cooperation in Technological Development: Cooperation in the form of joint projects with relevant institutions in developing countries and in the Federal Republic of Germany.-Environmental Protection: The growing importance of ecology and environmental protection require better coordination and harmonization of projects. In order to tackle these tasks more effectively, a coordination center was set up within GATE in 1985. GATE has entered into cooperation agreements with a number of technology centres in Third World count.ries. GATE offers a free information service on appropriate technologies for all public and private development institutions in developing countries, dealing with the development, adaptation, introduction and application of technologies. Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbHThe government-owned GTZ operates in the field of Technical Cooperation. 2200 German experts are working together with partners from about 100 co.untries of Africa, Asia and Latin America in projects covering practically every sector of agriculture, forestry, economic development, social services and institutional and material infrastructure. -The GTZ is commissioned to do this work both by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany and by other government or semi-government authorities. The GTZ activities encompass: -appraisal, technical planning, control and supervision of technical cooperation projects commissioned by the Government of the Federal Republic or by other authorities -providing an advisory service to other agencies also working on development projects -the recruitment, selection, briefing, assignment, administration of expert personnel and their welfare and technical backstopping during theirperiod of assignment -provision of materials and equipment for projects, •planning work,...

Development of an Appropriate Rice-Based Biomass Gasifier as Source of Power for Farm Use

“…Rice husk is around 20% of paddy harvested while rice straw is 5 times more than rice husk [4]. A kilogram of rice husk contains 3000 kcal energy and it can provide 1.2 m 3 of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H 2 ), and methane (CH 4 ) when gasified [5]. The gas produced is known as "producer gas" which can be used as fuel either for heating in gas burners or in running internal combustion engine [6].…”

Designing and Performance Evaluation of Biochar Production in a Top-Lit Updraft Up-scaled Gasifier

“…Based on this, parameters were chosen as: density of RH between 70 -110 kg/m³, Specific gasification rate (SGR) of 90 kg/m 2 hr from the OBRHG and thus the reactor can be filled with 100 kg gasified and the ER calculated. The A/F at Q (ER of 1) is 4.5 m 3 /kg and the stoichiometric air of rice husk, 4.5 kg air per kg rice husk at air density of 1.25 kg/m 3 and therefore, the superficial air velocity can be calculated according to equation 4 and the fan pressure drop computed from the Kaup graph [19].…”

Assessing Reuse of Agricultural and Food Residues for Nitrate Attenuation in Porous Media

“…This implies that part of nitrate or chloride ions may be strongly adsorbed onto the surface of rice husk or used coffee and may be trapped within pores. This is because rice husk and used coffee have a relatively high surface area [14]. From a practical viewpoint, the degradation of solute mass in a cropland is expected to attenuate the impact on water quality in soils as well as in groundwater.…”