Gastric and duodenal motility, food intake and hunger measured in man during a 24-hr period

Bloom, Peter B.; Filion, Ross D. L.; Stunkard, Albert J.; Fox, Sonja; Stellar, Eliot

doi:10.1007/bf02235993

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Bloom et al (26), however, argued against the involvement of gastric and duodenal motility in determining hunger. The lack of association between interdigestive motility and hunger ratings is probably attributable to the fact that they measured hunger with use of a half-hourly interval between consecutive hunger scores (26). This interval is too long to perform association studies with the MMC given that phase III of the MMC has a mean duration of only ,10 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The motilin receptor agonist erythromycin stimulates hunger and food intake through a cholinergic pathway

Deloose¹,

Vos²,

Janssen³

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Motilin-induced phase III contractions have been identified as a hunger signal. These phase III contractions occur as part of the migrating motor complex (MMC), a contractility pattern of the gastrointestinal tract during fasting. The mechanism involved in this association between subjective hunger feelings and gastrointestinal motility during the MMC is largely unknown, however, as is its ability to stimulate food intake. Objectives: We sought to 1) investigate the occurrence of hunger peaks and their relation to phase III contractions, 2) evaluate whether this relation was cholinergically driven, and 3) assess the ability of the motilin receptor agonist erythromycin to induce food intake. Design: An algorithm was developed to detect hunger peaks. The association with phase III contractions was studied in 14 healthy volunteers [50% men; mean 6 SEM age: 25 6 2 y; mean 6 SEM body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2 ): 23 6 1]. The impact of pharmacologically induced phase III contractions on the occurrence of hunger peaks and the involvement of a cholinergic pathway were assessed in 14 healthy volunteers (43% men; age: 29 6 3 y; BMI: 23 6 1). Last, the effect of erythromycin administration on food intake was examined in 15 healthy volunteers (40% men; age: 28 6 3 y; BMI: 22 6 1). Results: The occurrence of hunger peaks and their significant association with phase III contractions was confirmed (P , 0.0001). Pharmacologically induced phase III contractions were also significantly associated with hunger peaks (P , 0.05), and this association involved a cholinergic pathway. Administering erythromycin significantly stimulated food intake compared with placebo (53% 6 13% compared with 10% 6 5%; P , 0.05). Conclusions: Motilin-induced phase III contractions induced hunger feelings through a cholinergic pathway. Moreover, erythromycin stimulated food intake, suggesting a physiologic role of motilin as an orexigenic signal from the gastrointestinal tract. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02633579.Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103:730-7.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The motilin receptor agonist erythromycin stimulates hunger and food intake through a cholinergic pathway

Deloose¹,

Vos²,

Janssen³

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…Gastric acid secretion and pH, motility, gastric emptying time, and gastrointestinal blood flow vary according to the time of day. 19,20) Such changes may contribute to the dosing time-dependent difference of drug absorption. For example, circadian changes in pH may induce circadian modifications of drug ionization according to its physicochemical properties.…”

Section: Influence Of Biological Rhythms On Phar-macodynamics and Phamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20) Feeding conditions contribute to dosing time-dependent differences in drug absorption. For example, the effect of meal condition on circadian changes in valproic acid (VPA) kinetics was investigated in 16 healthy men.…”

Section: Influence Of Biological Rhythms On Phar-macodynamics and Phamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronopharmaceutics: Pharmaceutics Focused on Biological Rhythm

Ohdo

2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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INTRODUCTIONThe mammalian circadian pacemaker resides in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and influences a multitude of biological processes, including the sleep-wake rhythm.1) The circadian clock acts like a multifunction timer to regulate homeostatic systems such as sleep and activity, hormone levels, appetite, and other bodily functions with 24 h cycles. Clock genes are identified as the genes that ultimately control a vast array of circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior.2)The individualization of pharmacotherapy has been performed mainly by monitoring drug concentrations. However, a pharmacogenetic approach such as genetic diagnosis has become a very attractive field due to the rapid progress of molecular biology.3) Consequently, dosage adjustment has been based on the interindividual differences in drug pharmacokinetics. However, intraindividual variability as well as interindividual variability should be considered in order to achieve further improvement of rational pharmacotherapy. This is because many drugs vary in potency and/or toxicity associated with the rhythmicity of biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes. [4][5][6][7][8] Theoretically, it has been argued that drug administration at certain times of the day should improve the outcome of pharmacotherapy.Biological rhythms not only impact the function of physiology, but also the pathophysiology of diseases. [4][5][6][7][8] Chronopharmacology is the investigative science that elucidates the biological rhythm dependencies of medications. The effectiveness and toxicity of many drugs vary depending on dosing time associated with 24 h rhythms of biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes under the control of circadian clock. Such chronopharmacological phenomena are influenced by not only the pharmacodynamics but also pharmacokinetics of medications. The knowledge of 24 h rhythm in the risk of disease plus evidence of 24 h rhythm dependencies of drug pharmacokinetics, effects, and safety constitutes the rationale for pharmacotherapy (chronotherapy). Chronotherapy is especially relevant in the following cases. [4][5][6][7][8] The risk and/or intensity of the symptoms of disease vary predictably over time as exemplified by allergic rhinitis, arthritis, asthma, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, and peptic ulcer disease. From the viewpoint of pharmaceutics, the application of biological rhythm to pharmacotherapy may be accomplished by the appropriate timing of conventionally formulated tablets and capsules, and special drug delivery systems to synchronize drug concentrations to rhythms in disease activity. 7) Pharmaceutical companies have focused on the investigation of underlying mechanisms as well as the conduct of multicenter clinical studies involving numerous patients with the purpose of devising chronotherapeutic interventions with a variety of medications. New technology for delivering medications precisely in a time-modulated fashion by bedside or ambulatory pumps is being developed to manage human dis...

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“…Among stages of wakefulness (W), drowsiness (D), light slow wave sleep (LS), deep slow wave sleep (DS) and REM sleep, the mean BER intervals in every total time during the fed state were compared with one another. A definite unidirectional finding obtained in all 4 cats was only that the mean BER intervals in the stage D were longer significantly than those in the stage W. ---gastric activity; circadian rhythm; sleep; REM So far, diurnal changes in motor and/or electrical activities of the stomach have been studied, using open tipped catheter in humans (Bloom et al 1970), extraluminal force-transducer in dogs (Itoh et al 1977;Kamihogi 1977) and in turkeys (Duke and Evanson 1976) and extraluminal electrodes in dogs (Kamihogi 1977). In cats, however, electrical activities of the stomach were recorded only in anesthetized state (Bozler 1945) and together with mechanical activities also only in isolated preparations (Bortoff and Weg 1965).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, diurnal changes in motor and/or electrical activities of the stomach have been studied, using open tipped catheter in humans (Bloom et al 1970), extraluminal force-transducer in dogs (Itoh et al 1977;Kamihogi 1977) and in turkeys (Duke and Evanson 1976) and extraluminal electrodes in dogs (Kamihogi 1977). In cats, however, electrical activities of the stomach were recorded only in anesthetized state (Bozler 1945) and together with mechanical activities also only in isolated preparations (Bortoff and Weg 1965).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian rhythm of electrical activity and motility of the stomach in cats and their relation to sleep-wakefulness stages.

Fujitani

Hosogai

1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Med., 1983, 141 (3), [275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286] Polysomnographic recordings were done over continuous 3 days together with those of electrical and mechanical activities of the stomach using chronically implanted electrodes and forcetransducer in unanesthetized and unrestrained state of 4 adult cats. Circadian rhythm of the basic electric rhythm (BER) and mechanical activity in the stomach accustomed to feeding schedule of once a day was divided into the two; the fed state from the end of feeding to 8 to 11 hr later and the succeeding fasting state. However, differentiation of the fasting state into the contractile and uncontractile periods, which is known in dogs, was not evident in cats. The mean BER interval was longer and the standard deviation was smaller in the fed state than in the fasting state. Among stages of wakefulness (W), drowsiness (D), light slow wave sleep (LS), deep slow wave sleep (DS) and REM sleep, the mean BER intervals in every total time during the fed state were compared with one another. A definite unidirectional finding obtained in all 4 cats was only that the mean BER intervals in the stage D were longer significantly than those in the stage W. ---gastric activity; circadian rhythm; sleep; REM So far, diurnal changes in motor and/or electrical activities of the stomach have been studied, using open tipped catheter in humans (Bloom et al. 1970), extraluminal force-transducer in dogs (Itoh et al. 1977;Kamihogi 1977) and in turkeys (Duke and Evanson 1976) and extraluminal electrodes in dogs (Kamihogi 1977). In cats, however, electrical activities of the stomach were recorded only in anesthetized state (Bozler 1945) and together with mechanical activities also only in isolated preparations (Bortoff and Weg 1965). Since, in this way, little has been known on gastric activities in unanesthetized and unrestrained cats, the first objective of the present study was to provide baseline data of diurnal gastric activities in cats.Cats have been, on the other hand, subjected to the study of sleep-wakefulness cycle in animals for the most part. However, we have no similar information in cats as in dogs (Kamihogi 1977) on how rhythms of sleep and waking influence upon gastric activities. Thus, the second objective of this research was to clarify their influence mainly on the electrical activities of the stomach in cats.

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Gastric and duodenal motility, food intake and hunger measured in man during a 24-hr period

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

The motilin receptor agonist erythromycin stimulates hunger and food intake through a cholinergic pathway

The motilin receptor agonist erythromycin stimulates hunger and food intake through a cholinergic pathway

Chronopharmaceutics: Pharmaceutics Focused on Biological Rhythm

Circadian rhythm of electrical activity and motility of the stomach in cats and their relation to sleep-wakefulness stages.

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