Gastric cancer: ESMO–ESSO–ESTRO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

Waddell, Tom; Verheij, Marcel; Allum, William; Cunningham, David; Cervantes, Andrés; Arnold, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2013.09.020

Cited by 188 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…At present, surgery is the preferred treatment for patients without distant metastasis, and postoperative metastasis and recurrence are the predominant causes of mortality (3,5). Although disease-free and overall survival (OS) may be improved by postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the prognosis of GC remains poor (3,6). Identifying simple but effective prognostic markers for GC remains an important aim for researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the rapid progression of GC and the absence of early specific symptoms and signs, the majority of patients are diagnosed at the late stage of gastric carcinoma (2)(3)(4)(5). At present, surgery is the preferred treatment for patients without distant metastasis, and postoperative metastasis and recurrence are the predominant causes of mortality (3,5). Although disease-free and overall survival (OS) may be improved by postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the prognosis of GC remains poor (3,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2015, GC had the second highest incidence and rate of mortality among cancer patients in China (1). Due to the rapid progression of GC and the absence of early specific symptoms and signs, the majority of patients are diagnosed at the late stage of gastric carcinoma (2)(3)(4)(5). At present, surgery is the preferred treatment for patients without distant metastasis, and postoperative metastasis and recurrence are the predominant causes of mortality (3,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C‑reactive protein/albumin and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and their combination predict overall survival in patients with gastric cancer

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Multiple studies have reported the prognostic association of certain inflammatory factors with various types of cancer. The present study assessed the prognostic value of the C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin (Alb) ratio and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), separately and in combination, in gastric cancer (GC). A total of 337 cases pathologically diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma were retrospectively evaluated. The clinicopathological and prognostic relevance of the CRP/Alb ratio and NLR and their combination were analyzed. The optimal cut-off values of the CRP/Alb ratio and NLR were 0.38 and 3.14, respectively. High CRP/Alb ratio (≥0.38) and NLR (≥3.14) values were associated with increased tumor invasion, more distant metastasis and a more advanced tumor-node-metastasis stage (all P<0.05). In addition, a high NLR value was also associated with increased tumor size (P= 0.02). The CRP/Alb ratio (≥0.38/<0.38) and NLR (≥3.14/<3.14) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival time (OS) in GC by multivariate analysis (P= 0.005 and P= 0.001). Using the CRP/Alb ratio and NLR classification, patients were stratified into three subgroups with different OS time (P<0.001), which were identified as independent prognostic variables in multivariate analysis (P<0.001). The present study demonstrated that the CRP/Alb ratio and NLR were independent prognostic factors for OS in patients with GC. The combination of these indexes was associated with significant prognostic value and may further stratify prognosis. IntroductionGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of tumor globally. In 2015, GC had the second highest incidence and rate of mortality among cancer patients in China (1). Due to the rapid progression of GC and the absence of early specific symptoms and signs, the majority of patients are diagnosed at the late stage of gastric carcinoma (2-5). At present, surgery is the preferred treatment for patients without distant metastasis, and postoperative metastasis and recurrence are the predominant causes of mortality (3,5). Although disease-free and overall survival (OS) may be improved by postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the prognosis of GC remains poor (3,6). Identifying simple but effective prognostic markers for GC remains an important aim for researchers.Inflammation occurs in various types of tumor, and serves a crucial function in tumor development and distant metastasis (7-10). Previous studies have indicated that inflammation is associated with the formation of the tumor microenvironment by inflammatory mediators, including vasoactive amines and cytokines (11-13). The C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin (Alb) ratio is used as a novel inflammation-based prognostic indicator in multiple types of tumor. Previous studies have demonstrated the prognostic value of CRP/Alb ratio in colorectal (14) and esophageal cancer (15), hepatocellular carcinoma (16), and renal (17) and pancreatic cancer (18). Another important inflammatory marker is the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C‑reactive protein/albumin and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and their combination predict overall survival in patients with gastric cancer

et al. 2017

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“…For a pancreatic primary, first line systemic therapy is either Gemcitabine monotherapy, FOLFIRINOX combination therapy, or Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel depending on the tumour status and patient’s performance status [20]. A gastric primary is initially treated with surgical resection if the patient is a candidate, coupled with adjuvant chemo-radiation or chemotherapy [21]. If the patient is not a surgical candidate, then palliative chemotherapy with epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine, plus or minus trastuzumab, is recommended [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A gastric primary is initially treated with surgical resection if the patient is a candidate, coupled with adjuvant chemo-radiation or chemotherapy [21]. If the patient is not a surgical candidate, then palliative chemotherapy with epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine, plus or minus trastuzumab, is recommended [21]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastasis to the pancreas and stomach from a breast cancer primary: a case report

Kliiger¹,

Gorbaty

2017

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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A 60-year-old female with an unknown family history initially presented with signs and symptoms concerning for gastrointestinal cancer. Regular breast cancer screening and subsequent work-up around this time demonstrated the presence of T2N1 stage II triple positive ductal adenocarcinoma of the left breast. Follow-up imaging for her gastrointestinal symptoms demonstrated a 3.5 cm solitary mass in the pancreas and diffuse thickening of the stomach wall. Biopsies of the gastrointestinal lesions were identified as metastatic foci of the breast cancer primary. Breast cancer metastases to the stomach and to the pancreas are both very rare events. Of the breast cancer primaries that do metastasize to the gastrointestinal system, it is unusual for the primary to be ductal adenocarcinoma. The rapid succession of diagnosing the primary source of breast cancer simultaneously with its metastases is also unusual. Timely identification and appropriate management of these rare metastases was made possible due to routine breast cancer screening.

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Validation of a nomogram for selecting patients for chemotherapy after D2 gastrectomy for cancer

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2017

British Journal of Surgery

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Gastric cancer: ESMO–ESSO–ESTRO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

Cited by 188 publications

References 42 publications

C‑reactive protein/albumin and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and their combination predict overall survival in patients with gastric cancer

C‑reactive protein/albumin and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios and their combination predict overall survival in patients with gastric cancer

Metastasis to the pancreas and stomach from a breast cancer primary: a case report

Validation of a nomogram for selecting patients for chemotherapy after D2 gastrectomy for cancer

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