Gastric cancer in India: epidemiology and standard of treatment

Murugesan, Chandramohan Servarayan; Manickavasagam, Kanagavel; Chandramohan, Apsara; Jebaraj, Abishai; Jameel, Abdul Rehman Abdul; Jain, Mayank; Venkataraman, Jayanthi

doi:10.1007/s13304-018-0527-3

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…UGI endoscopy is the routine modality of evaluation which was done in almost all the cases revealed a predominantly proliferative type of growth especially in the site of antrum (42%) which is the commonest site. 5,9,12,13 Though the incidence of distal stomach cancer is decreasing nowadays, this increased frequency in the current study may indicate the endemicity of H. pylori in this region, which is a major risk factor for gastric carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…62% of the people had a habit of frequent intake of salted fish and pickle (2-3/week) in their diet and frequency was more (>5/week) in males who were alcoholic (as the salted fish and pickle been frequently consumed along with alcohol). 11,12 Most common chief complaint is dyspepsia and epigastric pain which seems to be more than six months duration indirectly indicating the possibility of gastritis in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological review and clinicopathological study of gastric adenocarcinoma cases in a tertiary care center in North Chennai, India

Padmavathi

Priyadharisini

2019

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Gastric carcinoma is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The Incidence of gastric carcinoma shows wide geographic and regional variation as well. The clinical presentation varies with the individual and hence histopathological evaluation plays a major role in the diagnosis and management of the patients. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological and clinicopathological profile of gastric adenocarcinoma cases encountered in a tertiary care center in North Chennai where only limited statistical data available in literature.Methods: All the gastric adenocarcinoma cases diagnosed by histopathology who underwent total/subtotal gastrectomy were retrospectively collected for clinical as well as histopathological details for a year. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.Results: The mean age of the study population is 59.3±11.3 with male: female sex ratio of 2.1:1. Higher prevalence noted in lower socioeconomic status (80%) and alcoholics (65%) with a history of high salted diet (62%). Most common presenting symptom was dyspepsia (94%). Upper GI endoscopy revealed antrum (42%) as the commonest site of tumor and majority were more than 5 cm size (75%). 62% of tumors were of moderately differentiated, predominantly intestinal type (86%) and mostly found to be in stage 3 (50%).Conclusions: Gastric adenocarcinoma was more common in elderly males and majority presented in advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. The General public needs to be creating awareness about variable nonspecific symptoms of an early stage of gastric carcinoma as well as the risk of poor dietary habits (high salted diet) and can enforce screening of high-risk category people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological review and clinicopathological study of gastric adenocarcinoma cases in a tertiary care center in North Chennai, India

Padmavathi

Priyadharisini

2019

Int J Res Med Sci

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“…Asian countries such as South Korea, China, and Japan have a high incidence of GC [10]. India is a low-risk country for GC; however, it may be attributed to underreporting [11]. There lies a lacuna in the epidemiological studies and reporting from small towns and villages, which represents a large part of the Indian population [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral rinses in growth inhibition and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection

et al. 2020

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Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is well-known for its role in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. Eradication of these carcinogenic bacteria from the gut is one of the challenges for clinicians. The complexity of treatment mainly owes to antibiotic resistance and relapse due to an additional reservoir in the oral cavity. Our study emphases the isolation of H. pylori from distinct habitats of the gut microenvironment (gastric biopsy and gastric juice) and its subsequent characterization. We have also evaluated the effect of various oral rinses on isolated H. pylori from different anatomical locations of included subjects. Results: The possible strains isolated from two different habitats of the same subject shows a striking difference in their growth pattern. Promisingly, some of the included oral rinses are efficient in growth inhibition as per recommended 30 s treatment. The subsequent evaluation shows that oral rinse B (among A-E) is most effective and down-regulates the expression of one of the potent H. pylori gene, CagA, in the infected gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells. Conclusion:Our study, for the first time, revealed that H. pylori, isolated from the different habitat of the same subject, show a different growth pattern. The expression of H. pylori pathogenic gene (CagA) was down-regulated by the use of oral rinses. Hence, oral rinses will reduce the H. pylori in the oral cavity and help to control its migration from oral to the gastric compartment and may be used as an adjuvant treatment option for its reinfection.

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“…Dietary factors were implicated in a crude way based on patient reports of consumption of smoked meat and fermented fish. Reviews on epidemiology and treatment of gastric cancer in India have been performed but are limited [6,[9][10][11]. With respect to epidemiology, implicated risk factors include infection from Helicobacter pylori with a high prevalence in India [12], dietary factors such as high consumption of salty, spicy, and fermented foods in certain states, tobacco and alcohol, and genetic susceptibility, with a myriad of genetic polymorphisms conferring more or less risk to the development of gastric cancer [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to treatment of gastric cancer in India, little is published. Details on staging, multimodality approach including selective use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and surgical methodology are sparse in these publications [10,11,13]. The Indian Council of Medical Research [14,15] and the National Cancer Grid [16] have published consensus documents and guidelines, respectively, on the management of gastric cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%