Gastric carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma as an atypical presentation of multiple primary malignancies: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Background Gastric carcinoma (GC) with second primary malignancy (SPM) is the most frequent combination within the multiple primary malignancies (MPM) group. The presentation of a GC associated with a synchronized SPM in the kidney is extremely rare and unusual. This study presents a rare case of synchronous tumors, describes the main associated risk factors, and emphasizes the need to rule out SPM. Main body We present the case of a 63-year-old Hispanic woman with a history of smoking, weight loss, and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. GC was diagnosed by endoscopy, and during her workup for metastatic disease, a synchronous SPM was noted in the left kidney. The patient underwent resection of both tumors with a satisfactory postoperative course. A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. A search of the literature yielded 13 relevant articles, in which the following main risk factors were reported: the treatment utilized, the grade and clinical stage, histopathological report, and in some cases survival. It is concluded that advanced age (> 60 years) and smoking are the main associated risk factors. Conclusion Gastric carcinoma is the second most frequent neoplasm of the GI tract and the main neoplasm that presents a SPM. MPM screening is recommended in patients with gastric cancer. The clinical discovery of MPM of renal origin is rare and hence the importance of the current report.

Nomogram for predicting survival of patients with gastric cancer and multiple primary malignancies: a real-world retrospective analysis using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database

“…Thus far, most descriptions of MPMs in patients with GC (i.e., GCM) have been provided in case reports. [24][25][26] Therefore, the present study used a public database (SEER) for analysis of GCM. The database contained 29,791 cases of GCM between 2010 and 2019, which was sufficient for a large-scale analysis.…”

Synchronous Primary Gastric and Renal Tumors: a Case Report

“…In our case, we observed two different types of malignant tumors in a female patient: adenocarcinoma of the stomach and clear cell renal carcinoma. Upon reviewing the literature, we found that synchronous renal cell neoplasms are extremely rare, with a prevalence of 0.11–0.37% [ 8 ]. Additionally, the male-to-female ratio is 2:1 and most renal tumors are discovered incidentally through imaging studies [ 8 ].…”

“…Upon reviewing the literature, we found that synchronous renal cell neoplasms are extremely rare, with a prevalence of 0.11–0.37% [ 8 ]. Additionally, the male-to-female ratio is 2:1 and most renal tumors are discovered incidentally through imaging studies [ 8 ].…”

“…In fact, as of 2020, there have only been 45 reported cases of synchronous multiple primary cancers of the stomach and kidney in the literature [ 8 ].…”

“…The incidence of another synchronous primary tumor being present along with a primary gastric cancer varies from 0.7 to 11% [ 4–8 ]. with the most common synchronous sites being colorectal, lung and liver cancer [ 8 , 9 ].…”