Gastric emptying of beer in Mexican-Americans compared with non-hispanic whites

Schwartz, Joyce G.; Salman, Umber; McMahan, C. Alex; Phillips, William T.

doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90019-0

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In fact, a similar observation was reported with regard to the parietal cell mass and acid secretory capacity of Asian patients with duodenal ulcer, which are only slightly more than half the values of Caucasian patients despite correction for body stature 106 . Furthermore, ethnic differences in gastric emptying have been reported previously 107 …”

Section: Is a Test Meal Necessary? Which Test Meal Is Better?supporting

confidence: 81%

Review article: ¹³C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

Gisbert

2004

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

324

281

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SUMMARYThe urea breath test is a non-invasive, simple and safe test which provides excellent accuracy both for the initial diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and for the confirmation of its eradication after treatment. Some studies have found no differences between urea breath test performed under non-fasting conditions. The simplicity, good tolerance and economy of the citric acid test meal probably make its systematic use advisable. The urea breath test protocol may be performed with relatively low doses (<100 mg) of urea: 75 mg or even 50 mg seem to be sufficient. With the most widely used protocol (with citric acid and 75 mg of urea), excellent accuracy is obtained when breath samples are collected as early as 10-15 min after urea ingestion. A unique and generally proposed cut-off level is not possible because it has to be adapted to different factors, such as the test meal, the dose and type of urea, or the pre-/post-treatment setting. Fortunately, because positive and negative urea breath test results tend to cluster outside of the range between 2 and 5&, a change in cut-off value within this range would be expected to have little effect on clinical accuracy of the test.

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Section: Is a Test Meal Necessary? Which Test Meal Is Better?supporting

confidence: 81%

Review article: ¹³C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

Gisbert

2004

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

324

281

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“…Aspirin and cigarette smoking slow the movement of gastric contents into the small intestine and have the same effect on ethanol absorption [4,6]. Even the amount of sugar in an ethanolcontaining beverage can slow ethanol absorption by slowing gastric emptying [7]. Conversely, gastric bypass surgery, erythromycin, and ranitidine increase gastric emptying and thereby increase peak blood ethanol levels [8][9][10].…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical significance of variations in ethanol toxicokinetics

2007

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Introduction: Many variables affect the interpretation of an isolated ethanol level in an acutely intoxicated patient. This review demonstrates the significant variability in metabolism and elimination of ethanol, how it can differ between individuals, and the clinical importance of these variables.Discussion: Isolated ethanol values in a clinical scenario are only a snapshot of a dynamic process. The individual pharmacokinetic differences of people make it extremely difficult to estimate ethanol elimination rates or calculate previous ethanol concentrations at the time of an accident because of medical-legal reasons. Not only are the techniques used in measuring ethanol concentrations in bodily fluids (blood, serum, breath, and urine) not equivalent, but also the units used to report ethanol concentrations are often misinterpreted. Acute and chronic tolerance and social adaptive changes make interpreting this isolated ethanol level extremely difficult. The purpose of this review is to enable the clinician to appropriately interpret ethanol concentrations. Conclusion:The clinical evaluation of a patient's inebriation is always more reliable than an isolated ethanol level for determining disposition. Only an estimation of a current serum ethanol level can be made if the blood draw was performed hours earlier. This review is clinically important because it shows the clinically significant variability in metabolism and elimination of ethanol and how it can differ between individuals. It will also describe different ways to measure ethanol concentrations and how to compare them. Finally, the interpretation of isolated ethanol levels will be discussed.

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“…10 14 Furthermore, ethnic differences in gastric emptying have been reported previously. 15 Further physiological studies on gastric emptying in the Chinese population are warranted. The use of a test meal in 13 C-UBT was employed to increase the residence time of 13 C-urea in the stomach and improve the contact between urease produced by H. pylori and the substrate; citric acid has been suggested as the best liquid test meal.…”

Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty‐minute 50 mg ¹³C‐urea breath test without test meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese

Wong

et al. 2001

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Background: We have previously shown that the 75 mg 13C‐urea breath test without citrate test meal is highly accurate for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese subjects. A lower dose 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test protocol with a sampling time at 20 min has not been validated previously. Aim: To investigate the accuracy of a 20‐min 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test protocol in Chinese subjects. Methods: Consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper endoscopy were recruited. 13C‐urea breath test was performed using (a) 75 mg and 50 mg of 13C‐urea on two separate days without a test meal, and (b) 50 mg of 13C‐urea with 2.4 g citrate as test meal, and compared with the gold standard [rapid urease test (CLO test) and histology]. Baseline, 20‐min and 30‐min breath samples were collected in all cases. Results: Two hundred and six patients were tested. The accuracy of the 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test (no citrate) at 20 min and 30 min was 98%, comparable to that of the 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test with citrate (99.1%) and the 75 mg 13C‐urea breath test without citrate (100%). Conclusions: A 20‐min 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test without citrate produced highly accurate results for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and is more economical and convenient for the Chinese population.

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Gastric emptying of beer in Mexican-Americans compared with non-hispanic whites

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Review article: ¹³C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

Review article: ¹³C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

The clinical significance of variations in ethanol toxicokinetics

Twenty‐minute 50 mg ¹³C‐urea breath test without test meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese

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Gastric emptying of beer in Mexican-Americans compared with non-hispanic whites

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Review article: 13C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

Review article: 13C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

The clinical significance of variations in ethanol toxicokinetics

Twenty‐minute 50 mg 13C‐urea breath test without test meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese

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Product

Resources

About

Review article: ¹³C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

Review article: ¹³C‐urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection – a critical review

Twenty‐minute 50 mg ¹³C‐urea breath test without test meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese