Gastric juice acidity in upper gastrointestinal diseases

Abstract

Bile reflux, atrophy and dense neutrophil infiltrate of the corpus are three independent factors determining the acidity of gastric juice.

Neglected role of hookah and opium in gastric carcinogenesis: A cohort study on risk factors and attributable fractions

“…The association between a previously undiagnosed gastric ulcer and an increased risk of gastric cancer risk later in life in our study, and lack of such an association for duodenal ulcer, is consistent with previous literature . This may be explained by the gastric hypersecretory state in patients with duodenal ulcer and hypochlorhydria in those with gastric ulcer; hypochlorhydria is a common mechanistic link between gastric ulcer and gastric cancer …”

“…38,39 This may be explained by the gastric hypersecretory state in patients with duodenal ulcer and hypochlorhydria in those with gastric ulcer; hypochlorhydria is a common mechanistic link between gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. 40 In conclusion, our study could suggest a much simpler and more effective strategy for prevention of gastric cancer in H. pylori-infected subjects in high incidence areas such as Ardabil where the majority of people acquire H. pylori infection during neonatal period and develop some degrees of precancerous lesions in middle age. Our results indicate that Epidemiology Sadjadi et al many cancer cases might be prevented by elimination of modifiable risk factors without H. pylori eradication.…”

H. pylori CagL-Y58/E59 Prime Higher Integrin α5β1 in Adverse pH Condition to Enhance Hypochlorhydria Vicious Cycle for Gastric Carcinogenesis

“…H. pylori CagL-Y58/E59 isolates lead to higher corpus inflammation and integrin α5β1 expression in the upper stomach, where they commonly exist with the chief cells and acid output secretory cells in the mucosa. It is well known that the human gastric corpus reduces acid secretion after H. pylori infection, and, therefore, corpus inflammation and atrophy are two independent factors for hypoacidity in the stomach [12]. Moreover, hypochlorhydria has been found to increase gastritis and lead to the development of precancerous changes progressing into dysplasia or even gastric carcinoma [13]–[16].…”

Computer modeling of gastric parietal cell: significance of canalicular space, gland lumen, and variable canalicular [K+]

“…The resting state is modeled with some pump activity, yielding H ϩ secretion that is 2% of maximal. The normal stomach maintains a pH of ϳ2 in the absence of food (21,28), requiring that basal acid secretion exceed surface-cell HCO 3 Ϫ secretion (41). In addition, the parietal cell's H2 histamine receptors have been found to have a basal level of activity that can be further lowered by "H2 blockers" that are now known to function as "inverse agonists" (51).…”