Gastro-oesophageal reflux during anaesthesia induced with either thiopentone or propofol in the dog

Raptopoulos, D.; Galatos, Apostolos D.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00263.x

Cited by 37 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Raptopoulos and Galatos (1997) showed that dogs induced with propofol had higher GER incidence during anesthesia than those induced with thiopental. It is believed that this is because propofol diminishes LES pressure.…”

Section: Drug Action Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14.44% GER occurrence during anesthesia Wilson et al, 2005; Induced with propofol and thiopental Higher incidence of GER during anesthesia Raptopoulos and Galatos, 1997 Meperidine 55% decrease in the risk of developing GER Wilson et al, 2007;Rodríguez, 2010 Meperidine-acepromazine 27% decrease in the risk of developing GER Wilson et al, 2007 Meperidine-propofol-halothane 50% of patients developed GER Galatos and Raptopoulos, 1997 Morphine used as an anesthetic Increases GER risk Wilson et al, 2007 Morphine-tiopental-isoflurane 55% GER incidence Wilson et al, 2005; Non used atropine 13% GER prevalence Rodríguez, 2010…”

Section: Drug Effect Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acepromazine, diazepam, narcotics, xylazine, and other anticholinergics Depress LES tone Kim et al, 1977;Tournadre et al, 1998;Kohjitanni et al, 2003 Atropine Avoids loss of LES tone Raptopoulos and Galatos, 1997 Atropine anesthetized human, cats, and dogs…”

Section: Drug Action Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now it is recommended that adult dogs solid-food fast for five to ten hours and they may have access to water up to two to three hours before anesthesia (Raptopoulos and Galatos, 1997;Raptopoulos and Savas, 2004;Muir et al ., 2007;Savas and Raptopoulos, 2009;Epstein and Swirsky, 2009). It has been proven that a fasting period of more than 18 hours decreases LES tone in anesthetized dogs, therefore favoring GER development (Galatos and Raptopoulos, 1995a).…”

Section: Preventing Ger During Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kohjitani et al, 2005 Ketamine and midazolam Produce LES muscles relaxation in rabbits by acting upon different NANC neurotransmitters Kohjitani et al, 2005 Morphine used as an anesthetic Decreases LES muscle tone Wilson et al, 2007 It can avoid spontaneous LES relaxation Penagini and Bianchi, 1997 Morphine used subcutaneously Increases LES pressure Kraichely et al, 2010 Propofol Diminishes LES pressure Raptopoulos and Galatos, 1997 Ranitidine Increases LES tone when administrated before anesthesia Raptopoulos and Galatos, 1997 It has been shown that atropine is one of the drugs that reduce the tone of the LES in anesthetized humans, cats and dogs, thereby predisposing them to reflux (Strombeck and Harrold, 1985;Tutian, 2010). In spite of this, atropine-as well as glycopyrrolatedoes not lower the pH of the esophagus or the stomach when used as a pre-anesthetic in dogs (Roush et al ., 1990).…”

Section: Drug Action Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Gastroesophageal reflux in anesthetized dogs: a review

Rodríguez-Alarcón

Rivera-Barreno

Díaz

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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SummaryGastroesophageal reflux can be a catastrophic illness in small animals during anesthesia since its complications can cause serious pathologies, such as esophagitis, esophageal stenosis and aspiration pneumonia. With an incidence from 12 to 78.5% in anesthetized dogs, gastroesophageal reflux is normally silent during anesthesia and will be notices only if regurgitation occurs and stomach acid is present in the nasal or oral cavities. In humans, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a well-defined pathology where the lower esophageal sphincter has a sustained weakness. However, in dogs, gastroesophageal reflux disease as such is not well established, if at all; it has only been described as gastroesophagic reflux, occurring principally in anesthetized animals. There are several factors influencing the presentation of reflux in anesthetized dogs, which may be inherent to the patient (e.g. age, sex, breed, weight, or body condition), medications used prior to and during anesthesia, type of surgery or position of the animal during surgery. The objective of this review is to discuss a series of conditions that could predispose dogs to gastroesophageal reflux during anesthesia and to assist in the prevention and diagnosis of this condition.

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Section: Drug Action Authormentioning

confidence: 99%