Gastroenterologist-administered propofol versus meperidine and midazolam for advanced upper endoscopy: A prospective, randomized trial

Sedation during transoesophageal echocardiography

“…This hypothesis could be confirmed by the finding that more patients sedated with PPF reported a wish for deeper sedation than those sedated with PTD/M. The mean PPF dosage (87.5 ± 47.4 mg) was indeed smaller than in the pilot study and considerably lower than generally found in gastroenterological trials (>200 mg) [20,21]. Nevertheless, the fact that merely a relatively low PPF dose is required for an appropriate TEE sedation plus the finding that there were no statistically significant differences between the PPF and PTD/M groups has some importance.…”

Safety and Prevention of Complications in Endoscopic Sedation

“…However, the safety and efficacy of propofol for routine endoscopic procedures when administered by endoscopists as well as anesthesiologists have been reported in multiple trials [11][12][13]. In addition, there are data supporting the safe use of propofol for advanced endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and/or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) [14][15][16][17][18][19]. The incidences of complications, such as hypoxemia, bradycardia, and the need for airway intervention were not different between propofol and standard sedatives in previous studies.…”

“…Although many previous studies examined measurements of hemodynamic changes during endoscopic procedures [14,15,17,27,[31][32][33][34], few have given detailed descriptions of quantitative changes in hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation during endoscopic sedation. There are also no reports regarding the frequency of cough during endoscopic procedures performed under sedation.…”

Safety of continuous propofol sedation for endoscopic procedures in elderly patients

“…There is no specific antidote for propofol (4). Despite this fact, safety of propofol sedation in endoscopic procedures, even without anesthesiologist assistance, has been shown in numerous studies (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”