Gastrointestinal Hormones Controlling Energy Homeostasis and Their Potential Role in Obesity

Andreoli, María Florencia; Francesco, Pablo N. De; Perelló, Mario

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89506-2_7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 135 publications

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“…CCK can also directly act at the ARH, where it inhibits ARH AgRP/NPY neurons and blocks ghrelin-induced expression of c-Fos [43,69,70]. However, CCK is thought to mainly inhibit food intake via vagal afferents pathways and also potently reduce gastric emptying that can, in turn, affect ghrelin-induced food intake [71]. Then, further studies are required to elucidate the intricacies of the mechanisms sculpting the long-term orexigenic effect of ghrelin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin treatment induces rapid and delayed increments of food intake: a heuristic model to explain ghrelin’s orexigenic effects

Cornejo

Denis

Romero

et al. 2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Ghrelin is a stomach-derived peptide hormone with salient roles in the regulation of energy balance and metabolism. Notably, ghrelin is recognized as the most powerful known circulating orexigenic hormone. Here, we systematically investigated the effects of ghrelin on energy homeostasis and found that ghrelin primarily induces a biphasic effect on food intake that has indirect consequences on energy expenditure and nutrient partitioning. We also found that ghrelin-induced biphasic effect on food intake requires the integrity of Agouti-related peptide/neuropeptide Y-producing neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARH), which seem to display a long-lasting activation after a single systemic injection of ghrelin. Finally, we found that different autonomic, hormonal and metabolic satiation signals transiently counteract ghrelin-induced food intake. Based on our observations, we propose a heuristic model to describe how the orexigenic effect of ghrelin and the anorectic food intake-induced rebound sculpt a timely constrain feeding response to ghrelin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin treatment induces rapid and delayed increments of food intake: a heuristic model to explain ghrelin’s orexigenic effects

Cornejo

Denis

Romero

et al. 2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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LEAP2 is associated with impulsivity and reward sensitivity depending on the nutritional status and decreases with protein intake in humans

Andreoli,

Kruger,

Sokolov

et al. 2024

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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AimLiver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) dynamics in human plasma and its association with feeding behaviour remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims: (a) to investigate fasting LEAP2 in participants with normal weight or with overweight or mild obesity (OW/OB); (b) to study the association between fasting LEAP2 and anthropometric and metabolic traits, feeding behaviour, LEAP2 genetic variants and blood cell DNA methylation status; and (c) to ascertain postprandial changes in LEAP2 after high protein intake and the association with feeding behaviour and food intake.MethodsAnthropometric and behavioural measures, genotyping, methylation profiling, plasma glucose and LEAP2 concentrations were assessed in 327 females and males. A subgroup of 123 participants received an ad libitum high‐protein meal, and postprandial LEAP2 concentration and behavioural measures were assessed.ResultsLEAP2 concentration was higher in participants with OW/OB (p < 0.001) and in females (p < 0.001), and was associated with LEAP2 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs765760 (p = 0.012) and rs803223 (p = 0.019), but not with LEAP2 methylation status. LEAP2 concentration was directly related to glycaemia (p = 0.001) and fullness (p = 0.003) in participants with normal weight, whereas it was associated with body mass index (p = 0.018), waist circumference (p = 0.014) and motor impulsivity in participants with OW/OB (p = 0.005). A negative association with reward responsiveness was observed in participants with OW/OB (p = 0.023). LEAP2 concentration was inversely associated with food intake (p = 0.034) and decreased after a high‐protein meal (p < 0.001), particularly in women (p = 0.002).ConclusionIncreased LEAP2 in participants with OW/OB is associated with behavioural characteristics of obesity. Our results show sexual dimorphism in LEAP2 concentration before and after food intake and highlight the role of LEAP2 in feeding regulation.

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Gastrointestinal Hormones Controlling Energy Homeostasis and Their Potential Role in Obesity

Cited by 2 publications

References 135 publications

Ghrelin treatment induces rapid and delayed increments of food intake: a heuristic model to explain ghrelin’s orexigenic effects

Ghrelin treatment induces rapid and delayed increments of food intake: a heuristic model to explain ghrelin’s orexigenic effects

LEAP2 is associated with impulsivity and reward sensitivity depending on the nutritional status and decreases with protein intake in humans

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