Gastrointestinal malignancies at five regional referral hospitals in Uganda

Obayo, Siraji; Lukwago, Luswa; Orem, Jackson; Faulx, Ashley L.; Probert, Chris

doi:10.4314/ahs.v17i4.13

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Smoking was present in 70% 0f patients [14]. Obayo et al, (2017) found that median age was 53.9 years, esophageal cancer was the most common (28.8%) followed by liver (25.8%), stomach (18.4%) and colorectal (14.3%). Hepatitis B was prevalent in most patients with HCC and Helicobacter pylori was present in 70% of gastric tumors [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of newly diagnosed Gastroenterology tumors and associated risk factors at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia – Syria

Alyahia¹

2021

Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Objective: The study was conducted in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics of referred patients at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia and who have been diagnosed with one of the types of malignant Gastrointestinal tumors and study the distribution of risk factors in these patients. Patients and Methods: An Observational Descriptive study (Cross- Sectional) conducted for the period from January 2020 to January 2021 at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia- Syria (in Gastrointerolog Department). The variables analyzed were age, gender, tumor location and risk factors Results: The research sample included 223 patients (127 males and 96 females). Esophageal tumors are relatively rare and most of them are of the squamous cell carcinoma type (72.8%). Stomach tumors are the second most common tumor with a percentage of (23.8%), and adenocarcinoma constituted 89% of the cases. Colon and rectal cancer represented the largest percentage (35%) of gastrointestinal tumors, and half of these tumors were in the rectum. Pancreatic cancer ranked third with 11.2% of cases. Tumors of the small intestine and gallbladder and hepatocellular carcinoma are relatively rare. Our most frequently seen risk factors were smoking in most tumors, positivity for H. pylori in 70% of gastric adenocarcinoma patients, and family history and inflammatory bowel disease in Colon tumor patients. Conclusion: Although the incidence of some gastrointestinal cancers has decreased, these cancers continue to pose major challenges to public health, especially colorectal tumors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of newly diagnosed Gastroenterology tumors and associated risk factors at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia – Syria

Alyahia¹

2021

Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Many authors in Sub-Saharan Africa observed an increase in the incidence of CRC which may be due to an actual increase or due to greater awareness to present to hospital with signs and symptoms of CRC in our patient population, increased specialist referrals to hospital or a better reputation for CRC management in our hospitals. More hospital admissions have been registered in Referral Hospitals in Central Uganda in the last 10 years however a higher rise in CRC has been observed [6]. The increasing prevalence and incidence of CRC is part of an on-going epidemiological shift in Sub-Saharan Africa with a rising burden from noncommunicable diseases to a reduction in burden from infectious communicable diseases [7,8].…”

Section: Possible Reasons Behind the Rise In Incidence Of Crc In Ugandamentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives Associated with an Increase in the Incidence of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Uganda

Wismayer

2021

JAMMR

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This paper is a current review of work done on colorectal adenocarcinoma in Uganda highlighting the perspectives in the increased rate of cases observed in our hospitals. A steady increase of CRC in other Sub-Saharan African countries is currently being documented however this is associated with a higher CRC-associated morbidity and mortality. Reasons behind this increase may be the nutrition transition in Sub-Saharan Africa characterized by decreased consumption of dietary fibre, starch and plant proteins to a Western diet associated with consumption of fatty foods and red meat. The emergence of noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity coupled with increased alcohol consumption and smoking confers a higher risk to CRC. A shift in the demographics is observed in Uganda compared to high income countries with 22.8% of our CRC cases being diagnosed at <40years of age compared to 3-7% in high income countries. A challenge experienced with this early age onset is that it is associated with an aggressive biological behavior with a poor prognosis. The high proportion of left sided colon and rectal adenocarcinoma in Uganda makes our population more amenable to screening. However challenges experienced in Uganda and other Sub-Saharan African countries include the availability of endoscopic training and equipment, costs, availability of pathologic services and patient acceptance. The increased diagnosis of CRC cases that will result from screening will eventually require a parallel increase in surgical and oncological infrastructure to manage CRC patients. An improvement in diagnosing, screening and treating CRC by increasing surgical and endoscopic capacity with the aid of international medical and surgical societies should be a public health priority in Uganda given the observed epidemiological shifts. Future implementation of National screening programmes to detect CRC at an early stage is also necessary to reduce the mortality in the Ugandan population.

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“…In gastrointestinal cancers, esophageal cancer is the commonest gastrointestinal malignancies (GIM), accounting for 28.8% [ 52 ]. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is most prevalent (98%) phenotype of esophageal cancer in Uganda [ 53 ].…”

Section: Findings Of the Reviewed Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Risk Studies and Priority Areas for Cancer Risk Appraisal in Uganda

Jatho

Tran

Cambia

et al. 2020

Annals of Global Health

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Background: Research into aetiologies and prevention of the commonest cancers and implementation of primary and secondary prevention can reduce cancer risk and improve quality of life. Moreover, monitoring the prevalence of cancer risk factors in a specific population helps guide cancer prevention and early detection efforts and national cancer control programming. Objective: This article aims to provide the scope and findings of cancer risk studies conducted in Uganda to guide researchers, health-care professionals, and policymakers. Methods: Between November 2019 to January 2020, we searched peer-reviewed published articles in Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library (Cochrane central register of controlled trials-CENTRAL). We followed the recommendation of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses – the PRISMA. The primary focus was to identify cancer risk and prevention studies conducted in Uganda and published in peer-reviewed journals from January 2000 and January 2020. We used key Boolean search terms with their associated database strings. Results: We identified 416 articles, screened 269 non-duplicate articles and obtained 77 full-text articles for review. Out of the 77 studies, we identified one (1%) randomized trial, two (2.5%) retrospective cohort studies and 14 (18%) case-control studies, 46 (60%) cross-sectional studies, five (6.4%) ecological studies, three panel studies (4%) and six (8%) qualitative studies. Cervical cancer was the most studied type of cancer in Uganda (23.4%, n = 18 studies), followed by lymphomas – both Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin sub-types (20.7%), n = 16 studies) and breast cancer (15.6%, n = 12 studies). In lymphoma studies, Burkitt lymphoma was the most studied type of lymphoma (76%, n = 13 studies). The studies concentrated on specific cancer risk awareness, risk perceptions, attitudes, uptake of screening, uptake of human papillomavirus vaccination, the prevalence of some of the known cancer risk factors and obstacles to accessing screening services. Conclusion: The unmet need for comprehensive cancer risk and prevention studies is enormous in Uganda. Future studies need to comprehensively investigate the known and putative cancer risk factors and prioritize the application of the higher-hierarchy evidence-generating epidemiological studies to guide planning of the national cancer control program.

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Gastrointestinal malignancies at five regional referral hospitals in Uganda

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Study of newly diagnosed Gastroenterology tumors and associated risk factors at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia – Syria

Study of newly diagnosed Gastroenterology tumors and associated risk factors at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia – Syria

Perspectives Associated with an Increase in the Incidence of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Uganda

Cancer Risk Studies and Priority Areas for Cancer Risk Appraisal in Uganda

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