Gastrointestinal Parasites of Tigers (Panthera tigris tigris)  in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India

Arjun, Moolamkudy Suresh; Ravindran, Reghu; Zachariah, Arun; Ashokkumar, M.; Varghese, Anju; Chirayath, Deepa; Chandy, George

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.296

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The reason for the above might be low stocking density of tigers in the natural habitats to acquire parasitic infection from each other. Arjun (2017) conducted scat analysis of tigers and observed that tigers of Wayanad wildlife sanctuary of Kerala are the hosts of different endoparasites, viz. Diphylobothrium latum, Paragonimus westermani, Taenia sp., strongyle sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic parasites associated mortality in a nutritionally compromised young wild Bengal tiger

Ram

Nehra

Banerjee

et al. 2020

Indian J of Anim Sci

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Present communication deals with unusual observations made during the post mortem examination of a subadult wild tiger from the Pilibhit Tiger Reserve of Uttar Pradesh (India). Physical examination revealed hide bound condition, dull appearance of body coat, old healed fracture of right radius and septic wound in right forelimb apart from a spine of porcupine piercing the nasal septum causing nose bleeding. Organ-wise inspection revealed presence of Dirofilaria immitis adult worms (n=3) in the right ventricle of the heart, Physaloptera sp. in the stomach, Toxocara cati, Ancylostoma sp., Taenia sp. and Spirometra sp. in the small intestine. Examination of intestinal content revealed eggs of Paragonimus sp. and Trichuris sp. along with large number of Isospora sp. oocysts apart from eggs of Toxocara, Ancylostoma, Taenia and Spirometra. The intensity of worms recovered (parasitic load) from the tiger in the present case was found to be surprising in the sense that despite of specific micro-environment requirement of each parasitic species, host allowed buildup of severe infection of almost all the parasitic genera. This situation might have arisen due to compromised immune status of the tiger due to prolonged starvation because of difficulty in catching the prey. All these parasites are present in the tiger reserve and pose a threat to this priceless animal species, especially if the host is immunocompromised.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic parasites associated mortality in a nutritionally compromised young wild Bengal tiger

Ram

Nehra

Banerjee

et al. 2020

Indian J of Anim Sci

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“…This sanctuary comprises the Sulthan Bathery, Muthanga, Tholpetty, and Kurichiat forest ranges. The Tholpetty range is located in the northern segment, while the other three forest ranges are located in the southern segment [65][66][67]. The major river traversing the sanctuary is the Kabani [64].…”

Section: Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary (Wwls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major river traversing the sanctuary is the Kabani [64]. According to Arjun et al [65], the annual rainfall at the WWLS is between 3000 and 4000 mm, and the average temperature is between 13 and 32°C [67].…”

Section: Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary (Wwls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WWLS is home to the largest remaining population of Asiatic elephants (Elephas maximus) [65] and also to Tigers (Panthera tigris), Leopards (Panthera pardus), Gaurs (Bos gaurus), Wild boars (Sus scrofa), Spotted deer (Axis axis), Barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak), Sambars (Rusa unicolor), Sloth bears (Melursus ursinus), Bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata), Nilgiri langurs (Semnopithecus johnii), Common otters (Lutra Lutra), and Malabar giant squirrels (Ratufa indica) [67]. The major tree species include Teak (Tectona grandis), damson (Terminalia spp.…”

Section: Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary (Wwls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wildfire Risk Zone Mapping in Contrasting Climatic Conditions: An Approach Employing AHP and F-AHP Models

Sinha

Nikhil

Ajin

et al. 2023

Fire

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Wildfires are one of the gravest and most momentous hazards affecting rich forest biomes worldwide; India is one of the hotspots due to its diverse forest types and human-induced reasons. This research aims to identify wildfire risk zones in two contrasting climate zones, the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary in the Western Ghats and the Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary in the Himalayas, using geospatial tools, analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and fuzzy-AHP models to assess the impacts of various conditioning factors and compare the efficacy of the two models. Both of the wildlife sanctuaries were severely battered by fires in the past, with more than 100 fire incidences considered for this modeling. This analysis found that both natural and anthropogenic factors are responsible for the fire occurrences in both of the two sanctuaries. The validation of the risk maps, utilizing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method, proved that both models have outstanding prediction accuracy for the training and validation datasets, with the F-AHP model having a slight edge over the other model. The results of other statistical validation matrices such as sensitivity, accuracy, and Kappa index also confirmed that F-AHP is better than the AHP model. According to the F-AHP model, about 22.49% of Kedarnath and 17.12% of Wayanad fall within the very-high risk zones. The created models will serve as a tool for implementing effective policies intended to reduce the impact of fires, even in other protected areas with similar forest types, terrain, and climatic conditions.

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“…Similarly, Spirometra species was also recovered during a necropsy of a leopard in a forest in Shimoga, Karnataka (Ananda et al ., 2011). The highest incidence of spirometrosis in wild felids is associated with consumption of intermediate hosts including tadpoles, snakes, birds and alligators (Arjun et al ., 2017). The parasitic load in hosts can lead to low fertility, decline in body weight, heavy morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent helminthosis engendered gastroenteritis in a leopard Panthera pardus

Kumar

Sharma

et al. 2019

Helminthologia

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SummaryThe necropsy of a leopard (Panthera pardus), succumbed to a chronic ailment exhibited a mixed parasitic gastroenteritis. Gross internal examination of carcass revealed the presence of round and tapeworms in the stomach and intestines with diffuse catarrhal and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. The detailed examination of the intestinal content revealed the presence of Toxocara canis and Spirometra species eggs. Also, the gross morphological investigation of round and tapeworms approved the presence of both species. Histo-pathological examination showed sloughing of intestinal epithelium, hemorrhages, and ulcerative areas with the infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells admixed with mononuclear cells. Lungs revealed the accumulation of eosinophilic edematous fl uid in the alveolar spaces along with inflammatory cells. These parasites are pathogenic to precious wild felids and often pose a threat of zoonotic transmission due to spill-over infections. The present case study is an attempt to put on record a case of parasitic gastroenteritis in a captive leopard.

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Gastrointestinal Parasites of Tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Opportunistic parasites associated mortality in a nutritionally compromised young wild Bengal tiger

Opportunistic parasites associated mortality in a nutritionally compromised young wild Bengal tiger

Wildfire Risk Zone Mapping in Contrasting Climatic Conditions: An Approach Employing AHP and F-AHP Models

Concurrent helminthosis engendered gastroenteritis in a leopard Panthera pardus

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