Gastrointestinal Physiology, 1895–1975: Motility

Davenport, Horace W.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp060101

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 449 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2). This behaviour is detected in physiological recordings from isolated regions of the antrum (Hennig et al 2004; Ward et al 2004; Hirst et al 2006) but does not occur in the intact stomach (Szurszewski, 1981; Davenport, 1989). An anally directed progression of pacemaker potentials in the ICC MY network could be achieved by making more negative the activation potential of the initial component of the pacemaker potential of the most oral node in the ICC MY network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An electrical analysis of slow wave propagation in the guinea‐pig gastric antrum

Edwards

Hirst

2006

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper provides an electrical description of the propagation of slow waves and pacemaker potentials in the guinea-pig gastric antrum in anal and circumferential directions. As electrical conduction between laterally adjacent circular muscle bundles is regularly interrupted, anal conduction of pacemaker potentials was assumed to occur via an electrically interconnected chain of myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC MY ). ICC MY were also connected resistively to serially connected compartments of longitudinal muscle. Circumferential conduction occurred in a circular smooth muscle bundle that was represented as a chain of electrically connected isopotential compartments: each compartment contained a proportion of intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC IM ) that are responsible for the regenerative component of the slow wave. The circular muscle layer, which contains ICC IM , and the ICC MY network incorporated a mechanism, modelled as a two-stage chemical reaction, which produces an intracellular messenger. The first stage of the reaction is proposed to be activated in a voltage-dependent manner as described by Hodgkin and Huxley; the messenger altered the mean rate of discharge of depolarizing unitary potentials as a function of the concentration of messenger according to a conventional dose-effect relationship. A separate membrane conductance, scaled by the product of an independent voltage-sensitive reaction, was included in the ICC MY compartments; this was used to describe the primary component of pacemaker potentials and simulated a delay before the activation of this membrane current. The model generates pacemaker potentials and slow waves with propagation velocities similar to those determined in the physiological experiments described in the accompanying paper.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An electrical analysis of slow wave propagation in the guinea‐pig gastric antrum

Edwards

Hirst

2006

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This choreography or coordination of reciprocating relaxation and contraction must travel along the GI tract in the appropriate phase relationships to move nutrient material along the alimentary canal. Though in its most elemental pattern, peristalsis can be generated by the ENS without extrinsic input, optimally timed and most efficient wave patterns are coordinated with extrinsic nervous system modulation. The ENS, of course, has a rich and varied collection of neurochemical phenotypes; however, nearly, all myenteric neurons in the stomach wall are also either nitrergic, producing and using nitric oxide as a transmitter, or cholinergic, expressing and using acetylcholine as a transmitter.…”

Section: Vagal Efferentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal innervation of the stomach reassessed: brain−gut connectome uses smart terminals

Powley

Jaffey

McAdams

et al. 2019

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brain−gut neural communications have long been considered limited because of conspicuous numerical mismatches. The vagus, the parasympathetic nerve connecting brain and gut, contains thousands of axons, whereas the gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains millions of intrinsic neurons in local plexuses. The numerical paradox was initially recognized in terms of efferent projections, but the number of afferents, which comprise the majority (≈ 80%) of neurites in the vagus, is also relatively small. The present survey of recent morphological observations suggests that vagal terminals, and more generally autonomic and visceral afferent arbors in the stomach as well as throughout the gut, elaborate arbors that are extensive, regionally specialized, polymorphic, polytopic, and polymodal, commonly with multiplicities of receptors and binding sites—smart terminals. The morphological specializations and dynamic tuning of one‐to‐many efferent projections and many‐to‐one convergences of contacts onto afferents create a complex architecture capable of extensive peripheral integration in the brain−gut connectome and offset many of the disparities between axon and target numbers. Appreciating this complex architecture can help in the design of therapies for GI disorders.

show abstract

“…The patterns of motor activity in the intestine in vivo have been extensively described (Davenport 1989;Hasler 1991). Two basic patterns have been identified following ingestion of food and a third is seen when an animal has been fasted.…”

Section: Patterns Of Intestinal Motor Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Neural Control of Intestinal Motility: Nerve Circuits Deduced for the Guinea‐pig Small Intestine

Bornstein

1994

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. Propulsion of digesta along the intestine appears to occur by the action of a series of local reflexes which cause contraction oral to the digesta and relaxation of circular muscle on the anal side. 2. There is now substantial evidence available about the identities of the enteric neurons that mediate these reflexes. 3. The motor neurons and interneurons of the reflex pathways lie within the myenteric plexus. These neurons can be classified electrophysiologically as S-neurons and have distinctive projections and neurochemistries. 4. The sensory neurons may lie in the myenteric plexus, but there is some evidence for sensory neurons in the submucous plexus. A contribution from extrinsic sensory neurons to local motility reflexes cannot be ruled out. Intrinsic sensory neurons are probably AH-neurons and are large multi-axonal cells.

show abstract

Gastrointestinal Physiology, 1895–1975: Motility

Cited by 14 publications

References 449 publications

An electrical analysis of slow wave propagation in the guinea‐pig gastric antrum

An electrical analysis of slow wave propagation in the guinea‐pig gastric antrum

Vagal innervation of the stomach reassessed: brain−gut connectome uses smart terminals

Local Neural Control of Intestinal Motility: Nerve Circuits Deduced for the Guinea‐pig Small Intestine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About