Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) from esophagus to anorectum – diagnosis, response evaluation and surveillance on computed tomography (CT) scan

Abstract

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) are the most common non epithelial tumor of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. They arise from interstitial cells of Cajal present in the myenteric plexus. They can also arise outside the GI tract from mesentery, retro peritoneum and omentum. With the advent of new targeted molecular therapy c- tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Imatinib), it has become important to differentiate between response and pseudo-progression of the disease as response evaluation criteria for GIST are different from Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Purpose of this pictorial essay is to enumerate the characteristic CT features of GIST, and discuss atypical features and response evaluation criteria.

Jejunal GIST masquerading as an ovarian mass: A case report

“…Recurrence of GIST is common in the majority of patients despite full resection of the tumor with negative margins. This emphasizes the need for regular follow-up examinations and investigations [ 18 ]. FDA has approved the use of imatinib as adjuvant chemotherapy for tumors with KIT-positive mutations among adults who have undergone complete resection due to the aforementioned reasons [ 19 ].…”

Applications and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Endoscopic Ultrasound in Digestive System Diseases

“…EUS can clearly observe the size and morphology of gastrointestinal tumors, the structure of each layer of the gastrointestinal wall, and the invasion of adjacent organs. It has become the best diagnostic modality for SELs in recent years [20]. The typical EUS imaging features of GISTs are hypoechoic solid masses originating from the fourth layer of ultrasound with well-defined borders while the structure of the fifth layer of ultrasound is clear and intact.…”