Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, Neuroendocrine Tumors, and Lymphoma

Abstract

The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) stain positive for CD117 and have an alteration in c-kit proto-oncogene.• Surgical excision with a 1-2 cm margin is the preferred treatment for GISTs located in the rectum. • Treatment of midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is segmental resection with lymphadenectomy. • Somatostatin analogs control the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome and help limit the progression of disease. • Rectal NETs less than 1 cm in diameter may be treated by endoscopic or local excision, while tumors greater than 2 cm should be considered for radical resection. • Patients with symptomatic colonic lymphomas are best treated with surgical resection prior to chemotherapy.

Rectal malignant tumours may have an unexpected histology

“…It is a form of extranodal lymphoma originating from solid organs. While the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common site of extranodal lymphoma, lymphoma of the colon and rectum account for less than 10% of all GI lymphomas 1 . We present a rare case of PRL in a patient who presented with symptoms suspicious of a primary rectal cancer.…”

“…Colorectal lymphoma (CRL) commonly affects males from age 50 to 70, 1 and is associated with inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease and immunosuppression 2 . Primary rectal lymphoma (PRL) is rare and accounts for 0.05% of all primary rectal malignancies 3 .…”

“…While the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common site of extranodal lymphoma, lymphoma of the colon and rectum account for less than 10% of all GI lymphomas. 1 We present a…”