Gastrointestinal transit time is faster in Beagle dogs compared to cats

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To characterize gastrointestinal transit times (GITTs) and pH in dogs, and to compare to data recently described for cats. ANIMALS 7 healthy, colony-housed Beagles. PROCEDURES The GITTs and pH were measured using a continuous pH monitoring system. For the first period (prefeeding), food was withheld for 20 hours followed by pH capsule administration. Five hours after capsule administration, dogs were offered 75% of their historical daily caloric intake for 1 hour. For the second period (postfeeding), food was withheld for 24 hours. Dogs were allowed 1 hour to eat, followed by capsule administration. Both periods were repeated 3 times. The GITTs and pH were compared to published feline data. RESULTS The mean ± SD transit times in dogs for the pre- and postfeeding periods, respectively, were esophageal, 3 ± 5 minutes and 13 ± 37 minutes; gastric, 31 ± 60 minutes and 829 ± 249 minutes; and intestinal, 795 ± 444 minutes and 830 ± 368 minutes. The mean ± SD gastrointestinal pH in dogs for the pre- and postfeeding periods, respectively, were esophageal, 6.6 ± 0.6 and 5.7 ± 1.0; gastric, 3.0 ± 1.4 and 1.8 ± 0.3; intestinal, 7.9 ± 0.3 and 7.7 ± 0.6; first-hour small intestinal, 7.6 ± 0.5 and 7.1 ± 0.4; and last-hour large intestinal, 7.9 ± 0.6 and 7.7 ± 1.0. The first-hour small intestinal pH and total transit times varied between dogs and cats depending on feed period (P = .002 and P = .04, respectively). Post hoc analysis revealed significantly shorter total transit times in dogs prefeeding (P = .005; mean ± SD for cats, 2,441 ± 1,359 minutes; for dogs, 828 ± 439 minutes) and postfeeding (P = .03; mean ± SD for cats, 3,009 ± 1,220 minutes; for dogs, 1,671 ± 513 minutes). Total transit time for dogs was also shorter pre- versus postfeeding (P = .003). CLINICAL RELEVANCE GITT is faster in Beagles compared to cats, but gastrointestinal pH are similar when fed the same diet.

Determination of Bile Acids in Canine Biological Samples: Diagnostic Significance

“…A reduction in gastrointestinal pH was observed in all species after feeding, with a substantially greater decrease in the first-hour small intestinal pH in dogs postprandially compared to cats [181]. The mean TTs in Beagle dogs pre-and postprandially were as follows: esophageal 3 min and 13 min; gastric 31 min and 829 min; and intestinal 795 and 830 min [181]. No correlation seems to occur between body weight (BW) and gastric emptying time, both in fed and fasted subjects.…”

“…On the other hand, the data indicate a significant positive correlation between total TT and BW, highlighting the impact of breed as well as body size on this factor. The range is 22.9 to 31 h, 19.1 to 55 h, and 18.2 to 45 h for small dogs, medium dogs, and large dogs, respectively [1,181].…”

“…The increased potential capacity of the esophageal lumen in Beagle dogs and the reduced esophageal motility in cats account for this. In contrast to cats, dogs had a quicker gastric passage (with pre-and postprandial ranges of 6.8-15 h [1] and 31-829 min [181]) and a slower intestinal transit period (795-830 min). A reduction in gastrointestinal pH was observed in all species after feeding, with a substantially greater decrease in the first-hour small intestinal pH in dogs postprandially compared to cats [181].…”

“…In contrast to cats, dogs had a quicker gastric passage (with pre-and postprandial ranges of 6.8-15 h [1] and 31-829 min [181]) and a slower intestinal transit period (795-830 min). A reduction in gastrointestinal pH was observed in all species after feeding, with a substantially greater decrease in the first-hour small intestinal pH in dogs postprandially compared to cats [181]. The mean TTs in Beagle dogs pre-and postprandially were as follows: esophageal 3 min and 13 min; gastric 31 min and 829 min; and intestinal 795 and 830 min [181].…”