Gastroprotective and Antioxidative Effects of the Traditional Thai Polyherbal Formula Phy-Blica-D against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats

Abstract

Phy-Blica-D is a traditional Thai polyherbal formula that has reduced oxidative stress in non-communicable diseases. However, evidence supporting the gastroprotective effects of Phy-Blica-D has not been previously reported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of Phy-Blica-D against gastric ulcers in rats and investigate the potential underlying mechanism. To estimate the possible mechanisms of action, we examined the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). According to our results, rats treated with only 80% ethanol (vehicle group) exhibited significant increases in their ulcer area and ulcer index (UI). Moreover, the levels of ROS and MDA markedly increased in the vehicle group compared with the normal control group. Daily oral administration of Phy-Blica-D (500 and 1000 mg/kg) for 7 days not only significantly decreased the ulcer area and UI, but also remarkably decreased the ROS and MDA levels in gastric tissue. Gastric ulcers induced by ethanol had significantly decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT and SOD) and non-enzymatic antioxidant (GSH), whereas pretreatment with Phy-Blica-D significantly improved the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH. Moreover, after exposure to ethanol, the rats exhibited a significantly increased level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which was reduced after treatment with Phy-Blica-D. These findings suggest that Phy-Blica-D potentially exerts its gastroprotective effects by suppressing oxidative stress and stimulating antioxidant enzymes, which is one of the causes of destruction of cell membranes, and it is involved in the pathogenesis of acute gastric ulcers induced by ethanol.

Green Methods for Extraction of Inulin and Antioxidants from Carlina acanthifolia L. Roots – A Comparative Study

“…C. acaulis root methanol extract showed EC 50 of 208 µg/mL, while the essential oil of C. acanthifolia demonstrated EC 50 of 13.6 µg/mL according to DPPH assay. According some authors the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective properties of this plant could be explained with the antioxidant activity [6,25,29]. Additionally, CH 2 Cl 2 extract of the C. acaulis roots demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydracyl assay and in vivo antioxidant activity was shown for C. elegans mode [15].…”

Comprehensive Review of the Marketed Antiulcer Polyherbal Formulations

“…Thus the authors concluded that the concealment of oxidative stress and a rise in antioxidant activity could be responsible for the mechanism of the gastroprotective effect of Phy-Blica-D. As reported in the earlier findings, the phytoconstituents possessed free radical scavenging and gastroprotective effects, which could be responsible for the therapeutic benefit of the formulation. 25 ijlpr 2022; doi 10.22376/ijpbs/lpr.2022.12.6.P77-86…”

Spectral Analysis and Antiulcer Potential of Lactuca sativa through the Amelioration of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Apoptosis Markers

“…The pathophysiology of gastric ulcers is an imbalance between gastric mucosa-protecting and gastric mucosa-destroying due to acid secretions. Infectious diseases, smoking, stress, prolonged use of steroidal as well nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medicines, and excessive alcohol intake are also contributing factors that produce this imbalance [ 8 ]. Herbal medicines are alternative source of medicine that can cure a variety of gastroprotective mechanisms, such as the promotion of mucosal proliferation, suppression of acid, wound healing characteristics, production, and antioxidant capabilities [ 8 ].…”

“…Infectious diseases, smoking, stress, prolonged use of steroidal as well nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medicines, and excessive alcohol intake are also contributing factors that produce this imbalance [ 8 ]. Herbal medicines are alternative source of medicine that can cure a variety of gastroprotective mechanisms, such as the promotion of mucosal proliferation, suppression of acid, wound healing characteristics, production, and antioxidant capabilities [ 8 ]. The present study focused on demonstrating the chemical characterization through cold methanolic extraction and the ulcer healing properties of Lactuca sativa (LPL) leaf powder.…”