Gastroprotective Effect of the Mixture of α- and β-Amyrin from<i>Protium heptaphyllum</i>: Role of Capsaicin-Sensitive Primary Afferent Neurons

Oliveira, Francisco de Assis; Vieira-Júnior, Gerardo M.; Chaves, Mariana Helena; Almeida, Fernanda Campos Sousa de; Santos, Kelcyana A.; Martins, F.S.; Silva, Regilane M.; Santos, Flávia Almeida; Rao, V. S. N.

doi:10.1055/s-2004-827212

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…7,8) Chemically, the a-and b-amyrin is a mixture of two triterpenes belonging to the ursane (a-amyrin) and oleanane (b-amyrin) series. Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene that pertains to oleanane (b-amyrin) series (Fig.…”

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“…6) The natural triterpenic mixture a-and b-amyrin, isolated from Protium heptaphyllum has recently been shown to exert gastroprotective effect against ethanolinduced lesions and an antinociceptive effect in the visceral model of nociception induced by capsaicin, possibly involving the capsaicin-sensitive sensory afferents. 7,8) Chemically, the a-and b-amyrin is a mixture of two triterpenes belonging to the ursane (a-amyrin) and oleanane (b-amyrin) series. Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene that pertains to oleanane (b-amyrin) series ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Oleanolic Acid, a Pentacyclic Triterpene Attenuates the Mustard Oil-Induced Colonic Nociception in Mice

Maia

Lima-Júnior

David

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Visceral pain is the most common form of pain for which the patients often seek medical care. Ascending pathways in the spinal cord that relay nociceptive information from the periphery to supraspinal central nervous system sites has been studied as potential targets for disrupting pain processing and providing relief. Despite the considerable advances in knowledge regarding the basic mechanisms underlying visceral pain and visceral hyperalgesia, no new effective therapies for abdominal pain have been discovered. Tissue injury, inflammation, and algesic chemicals produce changes in the stimulus response, leading to either sensitisation or desensitization of peripheral sensory afferents. An enormous range of pharmacological agents and endogenous substances via numerous receptors influence the visceral afferents. These substances produce their effects on visceral afferents by sensitization, opening of ion channels or by altering the expression of mediators, channels, or receptors. 1) In recent years, a central importance is given to capsaicin (vanilloid) receptor 1 (VR1, also called transient receptor potential V1, TRPV1) in the regulation of the activity of sensory afferent nerves. TRPV1 gene knock out mice are analgesic to a wide range of painful inflammatory states, suggesting that TRPV1 receptor antagonists may be effective in those pain states associated with tissue injury, and chemical exposure.2,3) Currently, inflammatory hyperalgesia is managed by NSAIDs (cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors) and opioids, although very effective against inflammatory hyperalgesia, both of these therapeutic classes possess significant limitations. 4,5) Opioids induce constipation, and nausea, whereas NSAIDs possess significant side effects on the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and renal systems.In the recent past, many novel structures derived from a number of natural sources have been examined for the development of drugs acting as agonists or antagonists at vanilloid receptors, which include compounds like polygodial, a full vanilloid agonist derived from marsh pepper; warburganal from the bark of warburgia trees; isovelleral with terpenoid structure isolated from fungi; scalaradial, an unsaturated dialdehyde isolated from sponges; and scutigeral, isolated from edible mushrooms.6) The natural triterpenic mixture a-and b-amyrin, isolated from Protium heptaphyllum has recently been shown to exert gastroprotective effect against ethanolinduced lesions and an antinociceptive effect in the visceral model of nociception induced by capsaicin, possibly involving the capsaicin-sensitive sensory afferents. 7,8) Chemically, the a-and b-amyrin is a mixture of two triterpenes belonging to the ursane (a-amyrin) and oleanane (b-amyrin) series. Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene that pertains to oleanane (b-amyrin) series (Fig. 1) and previous studies established its gastro-and hepato-protective and anti-inflammatory effects.9,10) So far there have been no available reports that show the efficacy of oleanolic acid in animal models of noci...

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Oleanolic Acid, a Pentacyclic Triterpene Attenuates the Mustard Oil-Induced Colonic Nociception in Mice

Maia

Lima-Júnior

David

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Chemical investigations have revealed the presence of β-amyrin and pharmacological studies of Protium heptaphyllum have revealed its anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic, gastroprotective and hepatoprotective effects (Oliveira et al, 2004a;2004b;Holanda Pinto et al, 2008). Also, a few other studies have shown its efficacy in suppressing acute visceral and/or orofacial nociception and bladder inflammation (Lima-Júnior et al, 2007;Holanda Pinto et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Triterpenoids from Clerodendron trichotomum

Choi¹,

Cho²,

Lee³

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

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The aim of this research was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Clerodendron trichotomum. Antibacterial activities of the n-hexane, methylene chloride (MC), ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions from C. trichotomum were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Helicobacter pylori. The n-hexane and MC fractions showed antibacterial activity against H. pylori at a concentration of 1.7 mg/mL and showed inhibition zones of 10 and 11 mm in disc assay, respectively. Further testing of 22-dehydroclerosterol and β-amyrin (each 3.4 mg/mL) from the MC fraction of C. trichotomum revealed moderate antibacterial effects against E. coli, S. aureus, and H. pylori. In particular, β-amyrin showed clear zones of 12 and 13 mm against E. coli and H. pylori, respectively, suggesting its potential as an antibacterial agent. The active compounds from C. trichotomum might provide a promising therapeutic agent against infections by E. coli, S. aureus, and H. pylori.

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“…These results indicate that the antinociceptive potential of a-and b-amyrin, main components of the resin, possibly involves the opioid and vanilloid receptor mechanisms (Oliveira et al, 2005;Lima-Junior et al, 2006). Furthermore, the gastro-protective mechanisms of the a-and b-amyrin mixture involves, at least in part, the activation of capsaicin-sensitive primary afferent neurons (Oliveira et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Antiplatelet Activity ofα.- andβ.-Amyrin, Isomeric Mixture fromProtium heptaphyllum.

Aragão

Carneiro

Júnior

et al. 2007

Pharmaceutical Biology

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A mixture of triterpenes named a-and b-amyrin (AMI), isolated from the Brazilian medicinal herb Protium hetaphyllum (Aubl) March (Burseraceae), was evaluated for the ability to inhibit aggregation of human platelets induced by adenosine 5 0 -diphosphate (ADP, 1.5 and 3 mM), collagen, and arachidonic acid (AA) in vitro. The results showed that AMI significantly inhibited platelet aggregation (40, 64, and 60%) in the assay carried out with ADP (3 mM) as agonist, at the doses of 100, 150, and 200 mM, respectively. In the presence of a lower ADP concentration (1.5 mM), a 3-time higher percentage of inhibition (32%) was observed with AMI 50 mM, as compared to that seen with 3.0 mM ADP. In the test using collagen (10 mg=mL) as agonist, AMI (50, 100, and 150 mM) inhibited aggregation by 26, 47, and 39%, respectively, while in the presence of the arachidonic acid (150 mM) at the doses of 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM, it inhibited platelet aggregation by 20, 21, 25, and 27%, respectively. The lowest IC 50 value for the AMI inhibitory effect was observed with collagen (90.0 mM), followed by ADP (117.9 mM) and arachidonic acid (181.4 mM). With ADP as agonist, the anti-aggregant effect of the acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was potentiated by AMI but not by dipyridamole. No potentiation was observed after the combination of ASA and AMI with collagen or arachidonic acid as agonists. Our results indicated that AMI possesses a platelet anti-aggregant activity in a concentration-dependent manner and probably acts on a biochemical pathway common to all the agonists tested.

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Gastroprotective Effect of the Mixture of α- and β-Amyrin fromProtium heptaphyllum: Role of Capsaicin-Sensitive Primary Afferent Neurons

Cited by 61 publications

References 7 publications

Oleanolic Acid, a Pentacyclic Triterpene Attenuates the Mustard Oil-Induced Colonic Nociception in Mice

Oleanolic Acid, a Pentacyclic Triterpene Attenuates the Mustard Oil-Induced Colonic Nociception in Mice

Antibacterial Activity of Triterpenoids from Clerodendron trichotomum

Antiplatelet Activity ofα.- andβ.-Amyrin, Isomeric Mixture fromProtium heptaphyllum.

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