Abstract. Using high doses of beta radiation for polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and its influence on the changes of micromechanical properties of surface layer has not been studied in detail so far. The specimens of PBT were made by injection moulding technology and irradiated by high doses of beta radiation (0, 132, 165 and 198 kGy). The changes in the microstructure and micromechanical properties of surface layer were evaluated using WAXS and instrumented microhardness test. The results of the measurements showed considerable increase in micromechanical properties (indentation hardness, indentation elastic modulus) when high doses of beta radiation are used.