Gating of a Molecular Transistor:  Electrostatic and Conformational

Ghosh, Avik W.; Rakshit, Titash; Datta, Supriyo

doi:10.1021/nl035109u

Cited by 136 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A direct way to go below a nanometer scale is to use a molecule or an artificial atom-a quantum dot-as a switch (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Molecules can also respond in more interesting ways than switching.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular decision trees realized by ultrafast electronic spectroscopy

Fresch

Hiluf

Collini

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The outcome of a light-matter interaction depends on both the state of matter and the state of light. It is thus a natural setting for implementing bilinear classical logic. A description of the state of a time-varying system requires measuring an (ideally complete) set of time-dependent observables. Typically, this is prohibitive, but in weak-field spectroscopy we can move toward this goal because only a finite number of levels are accessible. Recent progress in nonlinear spectroscopies means that nontrivial measurements can be implemented and thereby give rise to interesting logic schemes where the outputs are functions of the observables. Lie algebra offers a natural tool for generating the outcome of the bilinear light-matter interaction. We show how to synthesize these ideas by explicitly discussing three-photon spectroscopy of a bichromophoric molecule for which there are four accessible states. Switching logic would use the on-off occupancies of these four states as outcomes. Here, we explore the use of all 16 observables that define the timeevolving state of the bichromophoric system. The bilinear lasersystem interaction with the three pulses of the setup of a 2D photon echo spectroscopy experiment can be used to generate a rich parallel logic that corresponds to the implementation of a molecular decision tree. Our simulations allow relaxation by weak coupling to the environment, which adds to the complexity of the logic operations.finite-state machines | Shannon decomposition | parallel multivalued logic | quaternary logic T he need to further reduce the physical dimensions of a computing node is well recognized (1-4). A direct way to go below a nanometer scale is to use a molecule or an artificial atom-a quantum dot-as a switch (5-11). Molecules can also respond in more interesting ways than switching. So for some time we have followed a program of seeking to implement an entire logic circuit on an atom or molecule and to concatenating such units. To do so, we used intramolecular dynamics resulting from the response of a molecule to a perturbation-the inputs to the computationthat can be electrical (12) or optical (13) or chemical (14), etc. In principle, such an approach can implement finite-state logic (15) because typically the response of a molecule depends on its initial state as well as on the applied perturbation.In finite-state machines, the execution of the logic relies on transitions between states. The operation is inherently parallel (15). A simple situation is when a molecule relaxes after being perturbed by an optical (16,17) or an electrical pulse (18,19). In optical molecular implementations, several states can be simultaneously addressed, which leads to massively parallel linear finitestate machines (16,17). The other mode of operation is to provide inputs at each machine cycle. If the molecule is switched between two states, the ability to encode a dependence on the initial state means that one can implement memristor logic (20). More elaborated memory integrated units like set-reset ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular decision trees realized by ultrafast electronic spectroscopy

Fresch

Hiluf

Collini

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…A great advance has been made toward miniaturization of electronic devices by utilizing single molecules or molecular assemblies as active components in recent years, 1 due to the prospective technological applications such as switches, 2,3 rectifiers, 4,5 organic photovoltaic cells, 6 light-emitting diodes, 79 field-effect transistors (FET), 10,11 and memory devices. 3,1214 The development of experimental techniques makes possible the fabrication of single molecules and monolayers between metal electrodes and the measurement of their transport properties such as conductance and currentvoltage characteristics.…”

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confidence: 99%

Orbital Views on Electron-Transport Properties of Cyclophanes: Insight into Intermolecular Transport

Staykov

Yoshizawa

2012

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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Electron-transport properties of cyclophanes are investigated with qualitative Hückel molecular orbital analysis for better understanding of the intermolecular interaction in molecular devices. Charge and electron transfers often take place via through-space interactions, which are observed both in large biological molecules and in organic molecular crystals. Since the intermolecular electronic coupling in ³-stacked structures plays an important role in total device performance, in this work [2,2]paracyclophane is studied to investigate the effect of the intermolecular interactions in aromatic hydrocarbons on its electron-transport properties. According to the orbital symmetry rule, the symmetry-allowed and symmetry-forbidden connections for electron transport between the benzene rings are predicted just from the phase and amplitude of the frontier orbitals. The meta connection is symmetry allowed for electron transport while the para and ortho connections are symmetry forbidden. The qualitative predictions made with the Hückel approximation are found consistent with the calculation results obtained with density functional theory. The qualitative but essential understanding in the orbital views would extend the application of the rule from a single molecule to a crystal structure for the development of high-performance molecular devices.

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“…In the last several years, many experimental and theoretical works were carried out to study the transport properties through a single molecule, or even to design the molecular electronic devices. 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28 At present, people have realized two major approaches to control molecular transport. One is through the conformational change in the molecule, the other is through the external transverse field to switch the molecule from an "on" to an "off" state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors have focused their attention on the former one for a long time. 20,21,22,23,24,25 Despite the conformational change in the molecule can be achieved by using the electric or light fields, its operational frequency is low. Now, the attention is transferred to the latter one due to its high operation frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-consistent study of single molecular transistor modulated by transverse field

Jiang

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2006

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We use a self-consistent method to study the current of the single molecular transistor modulated by the transverse gate-bias in the level of the first-principles calculations. The numerical resultsshow that both the polyacene-dithiol molecules and the fused-ring oligothiophene molecules are the potential high-frequency molecular transistor controlled by the transverse field. The long molecules of the polyacene-dithiol or the fused-ring thiophene are in favor of realizing the gate-bias controlled molecular transistor. The theoretical results suggest the related experiments. 1 I. INTRODUCTIONUsing organic molecules as functional units for electronic apparatus application is an interesting goal of nanoelectronic devices.1,2 The common and important function of these devices is that the current can be controlled effectively. In the last several years, many experimental and theoretical works were carried out to study the transport properties through a single molecule, or even to design the molecular electronic devices. 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28 At present, people have realized two major approaches to control molecular transport. One is through the conformational change in the molecule, the other is through the external transverse field to switch the molecule from an "on" to an "off" state. Many authors have focused their attention on the former one for a long time. 20,21,22,23,24,25 Despite the conformational change in the molecule can be achieved by using the electric or light fields, its operational frequency is low. Now, the attention is transferred to the latter one due to its high operation frequency. Several experiments have identified their feasibility. 26,27,28 Currently, the π-conjugated organic oligomers and polymers are the subject of considerable research interest in the organic semiconductors. The organic semiconductors can be employed as active layers in the field effect transistors (FET). 26 The gate-bias controlled molecular transistor is successfully achieved experimentally 28 from perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI), a redox molecule. Recently, the current behavior of the single molecule has received increasing attention. Single organic oligomers such as pentathienoacene (PTA), pentacene, perylene and so on are all the key objects in the theoretical study. But at present, few theoretical work sheds light on the organic molecular transistor controlled by the transverse field. The rigorous treatment of the molecular device in theory calls for the combination of the theory of quantum transport with the first-principles calculations of the electronic structure in the self-consistent scheme. In this paper, we use the density functional theory (DFT) and non-equilibrium Green's function to study the transverse field effect (TFE) on current transport of the single organic oligomer.2

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Gating of a Molecular Transistor: Electrostatic and Conformational

Cited by 136 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular decision trees realized by ultrafast electronic spectroscopy

Molecular decision trees realized by ultrafast electronic spectroscopy

Orbital Views on Electron-Transport Properties of Cyclophanes: Insight into Intermolecular Transport

Self-consistent study of single molecular transistor modulated by transverse field

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