2018
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2018/11/020
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Gauge field and fermion production during axion inflation

Abstract: We study the dual production of helical Abelian gauge fields and chiral fermions through the Chern-Simons (CS) coupling with a pseudo-scalar inflaton in the presence of a chiral anomaly. Through the CS term, the motion of the inflaton induces a tachyonic instability for one of the two helicities of the gauge field. We show that the resulting helical gauge field necessarily leads to the production of chiral fermions by deforming their Fermi sphere into discrete Landau levels. The population of the lowest Landau… Show more

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Cited by 129 publications
(237 citation statements)
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References 86 publications
(188 reference statements)
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“…where θ denotes the Heaviside function. From this equation, one can see that the dispersion relation for the left-/right-handed fermions (proportional to χ L s , χ R s respectively) is given by ω L/R 0 = ∓sΠ z , reproducing the well known result for the lowest Landau level [9,11]. This is also illustrated in Fig.…”
Section: Landau Levelssupporting
confidence: 82%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…where θ denotes the Heaviside function. From this equation, one can see that the dispersion relation for the left-/right-handed fermions (proportional to χ L s , χ R s respectively) is given by ω L/R 0 = ∓sΠ z , reproducing the well known result for the lowest Landau level [9,11]. This is also illustrated in Fig.…”
Section: Landau Levelssupporting
confidence: 82%
“…In the limit of massless fermions, the lowest (gap-less) energy level induces asymmetric particle production. This in turn is a beautiful realization of the chiral anomaly in quantum field theory (QFT) (Adler Bell Jackiw anomaly [6,7]) in the presence of helical electric and magnetic background fields [8][9][10], discussed first in [11] in the context of Weyl fermions in a crystal. These arguments have been extended to non-abelian gauge fields in [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…To complement and confirm these analytic estimates we now present numerical results based on the Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations (13), (14) and (17) including the averaged energy-momentum tensor and helicity of gauge fields where we allow ξ = gφ/2H to vary with time. In the case of the aforementioned linear potential,…”
Section: Implications For Background Dynamicsmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…where g is a coupling constant with a physical dimension of length, or inverse energy (we put = c = 1), leads to decay of the pseudo-scalar field into gauge fields modifying its background dynamics [1] and to a wide range of potentially observable signatures including primordial magnetic fields [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], preheating at the end of * mario.ballardini@gmail.com † matteo.braglia2@unibo.it ‡ fabio.finelli@inaf.it § giovanni.marozzi@unipi.it ¶ alstar@landau.ac.ru inflation [4,11,12] , baryogenesis and leptogenesis [13][14][15], equilateral non-Gaussianites [16][17][18], chiral gravitational waves in the range of direct detection by gravitational wave antennas [19][20][21][22], and primordial black holes (PBHs) [18,[23][24][25][26]. The decay of the inflaton into gauge fields due to the coupling in Eq.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[51][52][53]). The leptogenesis in the present case, indeed, corresponds to the particle production through the chiral anomaly in the gauge field case, which can change the efficiency of the gauge field production [36][37][38]. In our study we do not take into account the back reaction on the gravitational wave production from the particle production.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 87%