Gauge invariant and gauge dependent aspects of topological walking colloidal bipeds

Mirzaee-Kakhki, Mahla; Ernst, Adrian; Heras, Daniel de las; Urbaniak, M.; Stobiecki, F.; Tomita, Andreea; Huhnstock, Rico; Koch, Iris; Ehresmann, A.; Holzinger, Dennis; Fischer, Thomas M.

doi:10.1039/d0sm01670e

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Experimental setup. In previous work, we have shown that topologically nontrivial transport appears in colloidal [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] and in macroscopic 52,53 magnetic particle systems that are subject to dissipative dynamics. Here, we use macroscopic magnetic particles immersed in water to drive these particles through the magnetic potential created between two shifted and oppositely rotated magnetic square patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disorder scattering in classical flat channel transport of particles between twisted magnetic square patterns

Rossi,

Ernst,

Dörfler

et al. 2024

Commun Phys

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We measure the trajectories of macroscopic magnetic particles pulled against gravity between twisted alternating magnetic square patterns in a superposed homogeneous magnetic field normal to both patterns. The two patterns are built from a set of magentic cubes having a distribution of magnetization. The magnetic potential between the patterns is a sum of three contributions: two being periodic on two lattices with different magnitude and orientation, and the third random contribution arising from the distribution of magnetization of the cubes. As one varies the twist angle between the two patterns each time the twist angle coincides with a magic twist angle one of the two periodic lattices becomes a sublattice of the other lattice. Simulations of particles moving through patterns with a precise cube magnetization produce pronounced mobility peaks near magic twist angles that are associated with flat channels. Weak random fluctuations of the cube magnetization in the experiment and the simulations cause enhanced random disorder of the potential and reduce the mobility by scattering particles into the interior of the twisted Wigner Seitz cells. The mobility undergoes an Anderson transition from magic to generic behavior as the magnetization disorder increases beyond half of a percent of the cube magnetization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disorder scattering in classical flat channel transport of particles between twisted magnetic square patterns

Rossi,

Ernst,

Dörfler

et al. 2024

Commun Phys

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“…In our metamorphic pattern, the symmetry phase varies with the location on the pattern, and this allows us to use well-designed loops where single colloids are transported in different directions in different regions of the metamorphic pattern 13 . Colloidal bipeds formed by several particles can also be transported 8 , 14 . The biped aligns with the external field since dipolar interactions are stronger than the buoyancy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result the bipeds actively walk by alternatingly grounding one of their feet. In addition, as for the single colloids, the grounded foot passively slides above the pattern 8 , 14 , 15 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topologically controlled synthesis of active colloidal bipeds

Elschner,

Farrokhzad,

Kuświk

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Topological growth control allows to produce a narrow distribution of outgrown colloidal rods with defined and adjustable length. We use an external magnetic field to assemble paramagnetic colloidal spheres into colloidal rods of a chosen length. The rods reside above a metamorphic hexagonal magnetic pattern. The periodic repetition of specific loops of the orientation of an applied external field renders paramagnetic colloidal particles and their assemblies into active bipeds that walk on the pattern. The metamorphic patterns allow the robust and controlled polymerization of single colloids to bipeds of a desired length. The colloids are exposed to this fixed external control loop that causes multiple simultaneous responses: Small bipeds and single colloidal particles interpret the external magnetic loop as an order to walk toward the active zone, where they assemble and polymerize. Outgrown bipeds interpret the same loop as an order to walk away from the active zone. The topological transition occurs solely for the growing biped and nothing is changed in the environment nor in the magnetic control loop. As in many biological systems the decision of a biped that reached its outgrown length to walk away from the reaction site is made internally, not externally.

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Magnetic colloidal single particles and dumbbells on a tilted washboard moiré pattern in a precessing external field

Farrokhzad,

Stuhlmüller,

Kuświk

et al. 2024

Soft Matter

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Gauge invariant and gauge dependent aspects of topological walking colloidal bipeds

Abstract: Paramagnetic colloidal spheres assemble to colloidal bipeds of various length in an external magnetic field and walk on a magnetic pattern.

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Disorder scattering in classical flat channel transport of particles between twisted magnetic square patterns

Disorder scattering in classical flat channel transport of particles between twisted magnetic square patterns

Topologically controlled synthesis of active colloidal bipeds

Magnetic colloidal single particles and dumbbells on a tilted washboard moiré pattern in a precessing external field

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