Gaussian beam summation algorithm for ultra wide band indoor channel characterization

Abstract

We present a software package INDOOR-GBS (Gaussian Beam Summation) designed to simulate indoor electromagnetic field propagation in the ultra wideband (UWB) regime. The package is based on the GBS method where the field of the transmitting antenna is expanded into a superposition of GBs that emerge from the source in a discrete set of directions. Thereafter the beams are traced in the configuration through multiple reflections and transmissions at the walls/ceilings/floors and the field is calculated by summing the contributions of the beams that pass near the zone of interest. The algorithm consists mainly of two phases: a processing phase where the beams are traced through the medium, and a post-processing phase where the field and the channel parameters are calculated for the given source and receiver antennas. The processing phase utilizes a dyadic electromagnetic formulation so that the antennas' properties are used only in the post-processing phase, thus facilitating efficient post-processing calculations for antenna and channel optimization. The algorithm also employs a particular set of isodiffracting GBs (ID-GB), whose propagation characteristics are frequency independent and lead to efficient UWB calculations.

Adaptability of Parabolic Wave Equation and Gaussian Beam Shooting methods to electromagnetic propagation in urban configurations

“…This methodology was validated by measurements around 60 GHz in indoor environments [20] [23]. An ultra-wide band version of this kind of methodology has been implemented for building areas at non-millimetre frequencies, but to our knowledge result validation has not been published [26].…”

Gaussian Beam Summation Representation of Beam Diffraction by an Impedance Wedge: A 3D Electromagnetic Formulation Within the Physical Optics Approximation

“…Various beam expansion schemes have been formulated for localized or extended sources, and in the frequency or 0018-926X/$31.00 © 2012 IEEE (the incident beam axis does not intercept the wedge). The BO field is described by and the edge field is described by the formulation in (12). (b) (the incident beam axis intercepts the wedge).…”

“…time domains (see [8]- [11]). However, in many applications, such as those involving indoor or urban propagation [12], or multiple reflector antennas [13], the propagation environment includes edges or corners. Thus, our overall goal is to extend the BS method to configurations with edges.…”

“…There are two alternative formulations for the field in this case. In the first, the total field is expressed as a sum of the incident and scattered fields (12) The alternative representation for the total field is (13) where we refer to as the "modified scattered field," and for for (14) where is the reflected beam assuming an infinite surface of impedance in the plane. is given, in general, by a spectral integral involving the spectrum of the incident field and the spectral reflection matrix (see Appendix B).…”

“…Finally, the polarization depends on and on (see Appendix B). Both formulations (12) and (13) apply for all incident beam directions such that . Yet, (12) is more "natural" when and in particular when where is the beamwidth of .…”