GC Analysis of Seven Seed Oils Containing Conjugated Fatty Acids

Abstract

The fatty acid compositions, including isomer compositions, of seven seed oils containing conjugated fatty acids (CFA) were determined. Seed oils were extracted using a modified Folch extraction, converted to fatty acid methyl esters, and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) with mass spectrometry and flame ionization detection. The MS detector was operated in positive-ion chemical ionization mode using methane reagent gas. GC was performed using two columns providing different retention characteristics: a poly(ethylene glycol) column and a more polar biscyanopropyl column. The complimentary information provided by the two columns was crucial to peak identification in several cases. The major CFA species in the samples are well known but all contained lesser amounts of additional CFA that have not been widely reported. All samples contained multiple species of conjugated linolenic acid, and two samples also contained small amounts of conjugated linoleic acid. The seed oils of Jacaranda mimosifolia and Calendula officinalis were found to contain 8c,10t,12t-18:3, the natural occurrence of which has only been recently reported in some other samples. The seed oil of Impatiens balsamina has been reported to contain four conjugated 18:4 species, and we present evidence for a fifth conjugated 18:4 isomer.

Fatty Acids of Ten Commonly Consumed Pulses

“…Standard L6031, containing the FAME of the eight geometrical isomers of 9, 12, 15-18:3, and squalene were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. An isomerized corn oil sample, previously described [ 28 ] and derivatized to produce FAME as above, was used to identify the geometrical isomers of 9, 12-18:2. Excluding the one derived from corn oil, FAME standards were prepared as isooctane or heptane solutions at total FAME concentrations ranging from 0.2 mg/mL to 2 mg/mL.…”

Marigold Metabolites: Diversity and Separation Methods of Calendula Genus Phytochemicals from 1891 to 2022

“…The fatty acid composition of C. officinalis seeds was extensively studied by GC assays on BPx-70 (60 m) [ 105 ], DB-23 (30 m) [ 137 ], HP-88 (100 m) [ 138 ], and Supelco SP-2560 (100 m) [ 139 ] columns and resulted in the quantification of 7–17 compounds with electron impact [ 105 , 137 , 138 ] and chemical ionization [ 139 ] MS detection.…”

Design of Physicochemical Properties of Eggs as a Result of Modification of the Fat Fraction of Laying Feed

“…These compounds are naturally present in large amounts in certain oils, such as cucumber tung oil, pomegranate oil, catalpa oil, and karela oil. Depending on the type of oil, different CLnA isomers can be observed [ 30 , 31 ]. Research results indicate that CLnA isomers may have health-promoting properties, including contributing to the reduction of adipose tissue and having anti-cancer properties [ 31 , 32 ].…”

“…Depending on the type of oil, different CLnA isomers can be observed [ 30 , 31 ]. Research results indicate that CLnA isomers may have health-promoting properties, including contributing to the reduction of adipose tissue and having anti-cancer properties [ 31 , 32 ]. Tsuzuki et al also demonstrated that CLnA isomers can be transformed into conjugated linoleic acid dienes in rats [ 33 ].…”