GC‐FID determination and pharmacokinetic studies of oleanolic acid in human serum

Abstract

Analytical interest of OA determination in human serum has increased owing to the increasing interest in pharmaceutical research by pharmaceutical properties. A simple, specific, precise and accurate GC method with flame ionization detector (FID) developed and validated for the determination of oleanolic acid (OA) in human serum (HS). To an aliquot of HS, internal standard was added and a combination of liquid-liquid extraction with a mixture of diethyl ether-isopropyl alcohol, filtration and consecutive GC resulted in separation and quantification of OA. The organic phase was analyzed using a GC system equipped with a 30 × 0.25 mm i.d. Rtx-65TG capillary column and FID detection. Total chromatographic time was 10 min and no interfering peaks from endogenous components in blank serum were observed. The OA/internal standard peak area ratio was linearly fitted to the OA concentration (r = 0.992) over the range 10-1500 ng/mL. The mean serum extraction recovery of OA was 96.7 ± 1.0% and the lower limit of quantification based on 5 mL of serum was 10.7 ng/mL. The intra-day coefficient of variation ranged from 1.3 to 3.6% and inter-day varied from 1.4 to 4.5%. The developed method was used to study the pharmacokinetics of OA after oral administration in humans. The assay was simple, sensitive, precise and accurate for the use in the study of the mechanisms of absorption and distribution of OA in humans.

Free radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibition, two potential mechanisms involved in the anti-diabetic activity of oleanolic acid

“…Despite the limited number of studies in humans, it is accepted that OA is a safe phytochemical. None of these trials have recorded significant adverse effects (Xu, 1980;Minich et al, 2007;Song et al, 2006;Chen et al, 2010;Rada et al, 2015). Nevertheless, further investigations in humans will be necessary to extend the use of OA in the design of new drugs and functional foods, which allow for personalized diets and nutrigenomic approaches for the prevention of high-prevalence chronic disorders such as diabetes.…”

Prevention of type 2 diabetes in prediabetic patients by using functional olive oil enriched in oleanolic acid: The PREDIABOLE study, a randomized controlled trial

“…Adherence to the dietary intervention was assessed through the self‐reported compliance Haynes‐Sackett test and the return of empty bottles presumably consumed. Moreover, plasma OA was analyzed in a randomized collection of blood samples from 25 individuals per study group, corresponding to 0, 12, 18 and 30 months of follow‐up, according to Rada et al…”

“…A probable reason for this could be belief in its poor bioavailability . A recent pharmacokinetic study in humans, administering OA dissolved in olive‐pomace oil, has proved good bioavailability for the triterpene, 35‐50‐fold higher than when administered as micronized powder …”

Use of spinning band distillation equipment for fractionation of volatile compounds ofCopaiferaoleoresins for developing a validated gas chromatographic method and evaluating antimicrobial activity

“…The production of drugs originated from medicinal plants requires the development and validation of analytical methods to provide safety, efficacy and quality (Govindaraghavan & Sucher, ; Rada, Castellano, Perona, & Guinda, ). The efficacy and safety of phytotherapics are linked to the quality control of the chemical composition of the raw material (Gumustas & Ozkan, ).…”