GC/MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Fresh Leaves of Eucalytus Globulus, and Leaves and Stems of Smyrnium Olusatrum from Constantine (Algeria)

Abstract

The essential oils of fresh leaves of Eucalyptus globulus L. (Myrtaceae), and leaves and stems of Smyrnium olusatrum L. (Apiaceae), obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, were analyzed by GC/MS. Twenty compounds were characterized, representing 98.3% of the essential oil of E. globulus, with 1,8-cineole (48.6%), globulol (10.9%), trans-pinocarveol (10.7%), and α-terpineol (6.6%) as main components, while thirty-three compounds were characterized, representing 94.3% of the essential oil of S. olusatrum, with sabinene (27.1%), curzerene (13.7%), methyl-1-benzyl-2oxocyclooctane carboxylate (12.3%), α-pinene (7.2%), cryptone (7.1%) and β-pinene (5.7%) as the major components. The essential oils of E. globulus and S. olusatrum were tested against a wide range of fungal and bacterial strains. Both oils showed significant antimicrobial activity.

Essential oil chemotypification and secretory structures of the neglected vegetable Smyrnium olusatrum L. (Apiaceae) growing in central Italy

“…time of the GC run). In contrast, the essential oil from fresh leaves and stems of S. olusatrum growing in Algeria was found to contain sabinene (27.1%) and methyl‐1‐benzyl‐2‐oxocyclooctane (12.3%), which were not detected in Italian populations. In addition Portuguese populations showed a different composition, with β‐phellandrene (42.7–63.3%) as the major volatile component of flowers and ripe fruits, and 1β‐acetoxyfuranoeudesm‐4(15)‐ene was not detected at all in fruits .…”

A forgotten vegetable (Smyrnium olusatrum L., Apiaceae) as a rich source of isofuranodiene

“…On the other hand, GCbased literature data, concerning the amount of isofuranodiene in S. olusatrum essential oils, showed variability ranging from its absence in populations from Algeria (Daroui-Mokaddem et al, 2010), Portugal and Italy (Marongiu et al, 2011) to $20% in populations from England (Mölleken et al, 1998a), Italy (Bertoli et al, 2004) and Corsica (Baldovini et al, 2001). Our results showed that liquid chromatography is more reliable for quantitative determination of heat-sensitive compounds in essential oils than is traditional gas chromatographic analysis.…”

“…It is interesting to note that some of the previous papers (Daroui-Mokaddem et al, 2010;Marongiu et al, 2011) reported only curzerene as the major volatile in the essential oils of Fig. 3.…”

“…Ulubelen and Öksüz (1983) examined air-dried fruits of S. olusatrum from the west coast of Turkey, and isolated the furanogermacrane glechomafuran (reported earlier as alexandrofuran). Daroui-Mokaddem et al (2010) analyzed the oil obtained from fresh leaves collected in Algeria, detecting sabinene (27.1%), curzerene (13.7%) and methyl-1 -benzyl-2-oxocyclooctane (12.3%) as the most abundant compounds. Papaioannou, Koutsaviti, and Tzakou (2010) analyzed the essential oils from leaves and fruits of plants growing in Greece, reporting curzerene (29.0%) and furanoeremophil-1-one (28.7%), and 1b-acetoxyfurano-4(15)-eudesmene (22.1 and 30.8% in green and ripe fruits, respectively) and curzerene (29.7% and 17.4% in green and ripe fruits, respectively) as the major compounds, respectively.…”

Microemulsions enhance the shelf‐life and processability of Smyrnium olusatrum L. essential oil

“…AEO and isofuranodiene were also able to induce apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells evidenced by DNA fragmentation, phosphatildyserine externalization and elevated caspase‐3 activation . AEO has also been evaluated in terms of antimicrobial activity, however, the results of different studies are controversial showing very different effects even when tested on the same species . Recently, isofuranodiene was shown to possess neuritogenic activity in vitro and hepatoprotective effects in vivo .…”