GC–MS and LC–MS analysis of nerve agents in body fluids: Intra-laboratory verification test using spiked plasma and urine samples

Koller, Marianne; Becker, Christian; Thiermann, Horst; Worek, Franz

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.12.023

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The combination of HPLC-MS and induc tively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the anal ysis of different beverages allowed the identification of ten APAs and APA alkyl esters with the detection lim its 7.4-88.1 ng/cm 3 [24]. Since all compounds of interest in this case were detected by 31 Moreover, the delocalization of the phosphorus-oxy gen bonds, according to [23], is due to the hydrogen atom migrating from the terminal methyl group of the splitted alkyl radical that is transformed into alkene: which was confirmed by HPLC-MS-MS of D labeled MPA ethyl ester (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For the determination of alkylphosphonic acids and their esters, electrospray ionization is cur rently the most common [8,16,18,19,22,23,25,31]. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization is used much less frequently [19,33].…”

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the sample prepara tion of biological fluids (urine, blood plasma, or blood), solid phase extraction (mostly, anion exchange) is usually used to remove interfering com ponents and to preconcentrate the analyte DP prior to the HPLC determination [17,23,31,58]. Thus, the urine sample containing ethyl, isopropyl, pinacolyl, cyclohexyl, and isobutyl esters of MPA was pre acidi fied with acetic or hydrochloric acid and diluted with water; interfering ions were separated by solid phase extraction on an anion exchange cartridge; and the analytes were eluted with methanol acidified with for mic acid [23,31]. Along with the alkyl esters of MPA, other acidic components, occurring in urine and interfering with the determination, were extracted by the anion exchange sorbent; therefore, the adsorption of ethyl, isopropyl, pinacolyl, cyclohexyl, and 2 (methyl)propyl esters of MPA on polar sorbents based on silica, for example, Strata Si 1 (Phenome nex), was studied for the extraction from urine sample preliminary transferred into an organic solvent.…”

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the detection error decreases, and the degree of extraction of compounds reaches 62-87% [23]. Further precon centration of the samples involves the evaporation either in a stream of nitrogen at 70°С [17,23] or under vacuum [31].…”

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that the presence of salts in the eluent (for example, ammonium formate) affects the efficiency of the elec trospray ionization of compounds, contributing to the formation of ions of the analytes. However, for the determination of MPA alkyl esters, it is enough to use a 2% aqueous solution of formic acid in a gradient elu tion mode with increasing concentration of acetoni trile to 80 (vol) % [31].…”

Section: Determination Of Decomposition Products Of Chemical Warfare mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection for the determination of chemical warfare agents and their degradation products

Aleksenko

2012

J Anal Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In connection with the ratification of the Conven tion and the beginning of the destruction of chemical weapons, the determination of chemical warfare agents (CWA) and their degradation products (DP) has become particularly important in the late 1990s. First of all, this is due to that the safety of the person nel and the public need to be ensured during storage, transportation, and destruction of chemical weapons. The latter suggests the implementation of the system for continuous monitoring of the destruction of CWA and the concentration of CWA and products of their degradation in the environment. The derivatives of alkylphosphonic acids (APAs) are among the main DP of organophosphorus nerve agents, while thiodiglycol and sulfur and oxygen containing long chain diols are for blister agents (Fig. 1). In the last decade, a growing number of publications have been devoted to the identification of these compounds by gas chroma tography (GC), HPLC, and capillary electrophoresis. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectromet ric detection remains one of the most reliable methods for determining agents in most cases due to its high sensitivity and selectivity and the presence of large libraries of mass spectra [1]. However, the determina tion of DP in water samples, water extracts from soil, or biological fluids requires the transfer of compounds from the aqueous phase into the organic phase, fol lowed by derivatization. In those cases, the application of HPLC is more perspective. A conventional spectro photometric detector is of little use in determining CWA and DP because of the lack of chromophoric groups in their molecules. The development of inter faces that allow the combination of HPLC with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) greatly expanded the pos sibilities of the method for the identification and quantification of these substances.Achievements, constraints, and prospects of the development of HPLC-MS for the determination of CWA and DP were previously analyzed in several reviews [2][3][4][5]. Applied aspects of the method for determining various hazardous agents, including chemical warfare agents, for the period of 2002-2005 are presented in [2]. A place of HPLC among other chromatographic and electrophoretic methods for the determination of CWA and DP is considered [3][4][5]. We should also note the book, a chapter of which is devoted to the use of HPLC-MS for the determina tion of substances prohibited by the Convention [6]. However, similar works have not been published over the past 5 years. This review summarizes the results of the application of HPLC-MS for the determination of CWA and DP for 13 years have passed since the rat Abstract-This review summarizes the results of high performance liquid chromatography with mass spec trometric detection (HPLC-MS) in the identification of chemical warfare agents and their degradation products, obtained in the last 13 years passed since the ratification of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and ...

show abstract

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Ionization and Detection Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Decomposition Products Of Chemical Warfare mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection for the determination of chemical warfare agents and their degradation products

Aleksenko

2012

J Anal Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Current Awareness in Drug Testing and Analysis

2010

Drug Testing and Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of drug testing and analysis. Each bibliography is divided into 18 sections: 1 Reviews; 2 Sports doping ‐ General; 3 Steroids; 4 Peptides; 5 Diuretics; 6 CNS agents; 7 Equine; 8 Recreational drugs ‐ General; 9 Stimulants; 10 Hallucinogens; 11 Narcotics; 12 Forensics; 13 Alcohol; 14 Tobacco; 15 Homeland security; 16 Workplace; 17 Product authenticity; 18 Techniques. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted.

show abstract

Current literature in mass spectrometry

2010

J. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

GC–MS and LC–MS analysis of nerve agents in body fluids: Intra-laboratory verification test using spiked plasma and urine samples

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection for the determination of chemical warfare agents and their degradation products

Liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection for the determination of chemical warfare agents and their degradation products

Current Awareness in Drug Testing and Analysis

Current literature in mass spectrometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About