GC–MS Based Metabolite profiling, Antioxidant and Antiurolithiatic Properties of Apple Cider Vinegar

Abstract

Aim: To perform in vitro analysis of antioxidant and antiurolithiasis to carry out GC–MS-based metabolite profile. Materials & methods: The effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) in vitro, antioxidant and GC–MS analysis was evaluated. The antioxidant studies were performed. In vitro techniques included nucleation, aggregation and growth assay. Results & conclusion: The presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrates was shown. Concentrations from 5–30 μg/ml could dissolve calcium oxalate (p < 0.05) in vitro. The IC50 value of ACV in DPPH was found to be around 7 μg/ml and the IC50 value of the ACV in ABTS assay was around 9 μg/ml. Different phytocompounds were obtained from GC–MS analysis. ACV can be consumed to prevent kidney stones which seems helpful to the current therapy.

Preparation of Rose Vinegar Rich in Gamma-Linolenic Acid and Analysis of its Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Activity

“…Finally, ethanol is oxidized to acetic acid by bacteria (Ye et al, 2023;Zhao et al, 2020). In recent years, various kinds of vinegar drinks with fruits and vegetables as raw materials have developed rapidly, such as apple cider vinegar, hawthorn vinegar, grape vinegar, mulberry vinegar, onion vinegar, and seaweed vinegar, etc., (Bang et al, 2022;Cantadori et al, 2022;Li et al, 2023;Ousaaid et al, 2021;Özdemir et al, 2022;Singh et al, 2023). There are also many types of research on nutrient-fortified vinegar drinks with adding various nutritional factors, such as vitamins, mineral elements, pearl powder, oligosaccharides, etc., (Budak et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2023;Ousaaid et al, 2021).…”