GEANT4 simulation of cyclotron radioisotope production in a solid target

Beuve, M.; Penfold, Scott; Asp, Johan; Takhar, Prab; Jackson, P.

doi:10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.04.006

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Example of the use of this model can be found in Ref. 22,23 , where it has been employed to predict isotope production with proton accelerators.…”

Section: Geant4 Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The atomic weights were approximated to integer numbers of atomic mass units, being the tiny difference ininfluent on the overall result. Known the Avogadro's number, one can immediately find the number of water molecules (weight 18) in 1 ml as 3.35×10 22 ; from the 0.17 mg/ml BSH concentration one finds the number of BSH molecules as 4.61×10 17 ; with 12 boron atoms per BSH molecules, the number of boron atoms per water molecule is 1.65×10 −4 . The areal density for a 1 mm thickness of such a sample is thus given by the number of boron atoms per molecule (12) times the number of BSH molecules per cm 3 (4.61×10 17 ) times the sample thickness (0.1 cm): n B = 12×4.61×10 17 ×0.1 = 5.53×10 17 cm −2 or equivalently 5.5×10 −7 atoms/barn.…”

Section: Calculation Of the Boron Areal Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the (un)effectiveness of proton boron capture in proton therapy

et al. 2019

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We present calculations and simulations on the role of the p+ 11 B→3α reaction in proton therapy. This reaction has been recently suggested to be responsible for a decrease in the survival probability of tumor cells, when they are irradiated with low-energy protons. However, at the concentration levels typical of the proposed boron carrier (sodium borocaptate, Na 2 B 12 H 11 SH, in short BSH), i.e. less than 100 ppm, both calculations and Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the dose related to this reaction is orders of magnitude lower than the dose delivered by the primary proton beam inside the tissues. These calculations cast some doubts on the claim of an important role played by Proton Boron Capture in enhancing the therapeutic effectiveness of proton therapy, and suggest that other mechanisms should be investigated in order to explain the observed decrease in the survival probability.

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“…Example of the use of this model can be found in Ref. 22,23 , where it has been employed to predict isotope production with proton accelerators.…”

Section: Geant4 Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculation Of the Boron Areal Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the (un)effectiveness of proton boron capture in proton therapy

et al. 2019

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“…Accurate calculations of the optimal layer thickness require application of a dedicated software (e.g. [89,90]), as it was done in, e.g. [36,91].…”

Section: Target Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical energy of the protons used for the 64 Cu production is not higher than 20 MeV. We assume that the nickel layer is thick enough, so the energy of the protons which hit the substrate is reduced to the value not exceeding 15 MeV [90]. Most important reactions of such protons with typical substrates are collected in Table 5.…”

Section: Target Electrodepositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical deposition of nickel targets from aqueous electrolytes for medical radioisotope production in accelerators: a review

Mieszkowska

Grdeń

2021

J Solid State Electrochem

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This paper reviews reported methods of the electrochemical deposition of nickel layers which are used as target materials for accelerator production of medical radioisotopes. The review focuses on the electrodeposition carried out from aqueous electrolytes. It describes the main challenges related to the preparation of suitable Ni target layers, such as work with limited amounts of expensive isotopically enriched nickel; electrodeposition of sufficiently thick, smooth and free of cracks layers; and recovery of unreacted Ni isotopes from the irradiated targets and from used electrolytic baths.

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“…In this environment, we calculated the proton beam penetration within the modelled target and compared the results with those from SRIM/TRIM software by Ziegler [ 24 ]. The model proposed by Poignant et al [ 25 ] was used to optimize the production prerequisites of 124 I via 124 Te(p, n) 124 I reaction and its co-produced impurities. However, the parameters of the model were modified—the GE PETtrace cyclotron geometry was changed to reflect the geometry appropriate for IBA 18/9 Cyclone Cyclotron with Solid Target capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of 124I radioisotope production from natural and enriched tellurium dioxide using 124Te(p,xn)124I reaction

et al. 2022

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Background 124I Iodine (T$$_{1/2}$$ 1 / 2 = 4.18 d) is the only long-life positron emitter radioisotope of iodine that may be used for both imaging and therapy as well as for 131I dosimetry. Its physical characteristics permits taking advantages of the higher Positron Emission Tomography (PET) image quality, whereas the availability of new molecules to be targeted with 124I makes it a novel innovative radiotracer probe for a specific molecular targeting. Results In this study Monte Carlo and SRIM/TRIM modelling was applied to predict the nuclear parameters of the 124I production process in a small medical cyclotron IBA 18/9 Cyclone. The simulation production yields for 124I and the polluting radioisotopes were calculated for the natural and enriched 124TeO2 + Al2O3 solid targets irradiated with 14.8 MeV protons. The proton beam was degraded energetically from 18 MeV with 0.2 mm Havar foil. The 124Te(p,xn)124I reactions were taken into account in the simulations. The optimal thickness of the target material was calculated using the SRIM/TRIM and Geant4 codes. The results of the simulations were compared with the experimental data obtained for the natural TeO2 +Al2O3 target. The dry distillation technique of the 124-iodine was applied. Conclusions The experimental efficiency for the natural Te target was better than 41% with an average thick target (>0.8 mm) yield of 1.32 MBq/μAh. Joining the Monte Carlo and experimental approaches makes it possible to optimize the methodology for the 124I production from the expensive Te enriched targets.

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GEANT4 simulation of cyclotron radioisotope production in a solid target

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

On the (un)effectiveness of proton boron capture in proton therapy

On the (un)effectiveness of proton boron capture in proton therapy

Electrochemical deposition of nickel targets from aqueous electrolytes for medical radioisotope production in accelerators: a review

Efficiency of 124I radioisotope production from natural and enriched tellurium dioxide using 124Te(p,xn)124I reaction

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