Gel electrophoresis: Importance of concentration-dependent permittivity and double-layer polarization

Hsu, Jyh‐Ping; Huang, Chih-Hua; Tseng, Shiojenn

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2012.08.032

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For instance, a surface (zeta) potential that is much higher than 25.4 mV is not uncommon for many colloidal particles under typical conditions. As pointed out by Hsu et al, [26][27][28] the polarization of double layer should be considered when its thickness is comparable to the particle size and the surface potential is not low. For many metal oxide particles, the assumption of constant surface potential is unrealistic because, due to surface reactions, the charged conditions of their surface depend upon factors such as pH and bulk salt concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoresis of pH‐regulated particles in the presence of multiple ionic species

et al. 2013

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An electrophoresis model taking account of the pH-regulated nature of particles and the presence of multiple ionic species is proposed for arbitrary surface potential and double-layer thickness. It successfully simulated the electrophoretic behavior of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in an aqueous NaCl solution with pH adjusted by HCl and NaOH. The estimated zeta potential is compared with those from the conventional models, Smoluchowski's, H€ uckel's, and Henry's formulas. Due to the violation of the assumption of low and constant surface potential, these formulas yielded appreciable deviations (e.g., 23-30 mV at pH 9). With the surface charge density measured by titration and the zeta potential by electrophoresis, the true surface potential is estimated through a triple-layer model. The estimated true potential is typically 1.5-10 times larger than the zeta potential, implying that using the latter in relevant calculations (e.g., stability and critical coagulation concentration) might yield appreciable deviation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoresis of pH‐regulated particles in the presence of multiple ionic species

et al. 2013

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“…In particular, the influence of gel concentration on the permittivity of the liquid phase, which is overlooked in our analysis, is treated by Hsu et al. [44]. The hydrodynamic permeability of the porous medium can be characterized by the Darcy permeability

K

, which is related to the friction coefficient as

γ = η / K

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gel eliminates large‐scale convection, and the dispersion effect is also minimum. The presence of gel minimizes the Joule heating effect compared to the conventional electrophoresis through a clear solution [44]. Hydrogels are soft, water‐saturated networks of polymer with molecular‐scale porosity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient electrophoresis of a conducting spherical particle embedded in an electrolyte‐saturated Brinkman medium

2021

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In this study, the time‐dependent electrophoretic motion of a conducting spherical particle embedded in an arbitrary electrolyte solution saturated porous medium is investigated. The porous medium is uniformly charged and the embedded hard particle is charged with constant ζ‐potential or constant surface charge density. The unsteady modified Brinkman equation with an electric force term, which governs the fluid velocity field, is used to model the porous medium and is solved by Laplace's transform technique. An analytical expression for the electrophoretic velocity of the spherical particle is obtained in Laplace transform domain as a function of the relevant parameters, and its inversion is obtained through numerical techniques. Also, in this study, the steady‐state electrophoretic velocity is obtained analytically as linear functions of ζ‐potential (or surface density charge) and the fixed charge density. The steady‐state electrophoretic velocity is displayed graphically for various relevant parameters and compered with the available data in the literature. Also, the numerical values of the transient electrophoretic velocity are plotted versus the nondimensional elapsed time and discussed for different values of the Debye length parameter, density ratio, permeability of the porous medium, and for high and nonconducting particles.

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“…Note that the long-range hydrodynamic interaction is prominent for the dilute hydrogel medium for which the pore size of the gel structure is much higher compared to the size of migrating biomolecules . There are various examples of such hydrogel media, e.g., agarose, polyacrylamide gel, for which the pore size is on the order of 100 nm. , On the other hand, the short-range steric interaction stems from hydrodynamic interactions between the particles and the gel polymer structure. , Such an effect is dominant, however, when the size of the migrating biomolecules is on the order of the pore size of the gel medium. − It may be noted that the impact of short-range steric interaction can be incorporated in the particle motion via a multiplicative factor to the electrophoretic mobility based on the long-range interactions. − Besides, the hydrogel medium also entraps the ionizable functional groups, which may lead to immobile charges . Under the applied DC electric field, such immobile charges may induce an electroosmotic flow (EOF) of the background electrolyte solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hill and Ostoja-Starzewski further measured the electric field induced displacement of charged colloids embedded in an elastic hydrogel medium by means of balance in electrical, hydrodynamic, and elastic stresses. There are many theoretical studies available on the GE of rigid colloids ,,,− and core–shell nanoparticles comprising a rigid core coated with a polymeric shell (e.g., soft particles). ,,− Note that in all these studies the hydrogel medium saturated with electrolyte solution is treated as a network of cross-linked polymer segments. The flow of fluid across such a medium is studied via an effective medium approach based on the Brinkman–Debye–Bueche model. , Such a model for the electrolyte saturated hydrogel medium assumes the polymer segments as resistance centers, which offer an additional frictional force on the liquid flowing through the gel skeleton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel Electrophoresis of a Hydrophobic Liquid Droplet with an Equipotential Slip Surface

et al. 2022

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A theoretical study has been carried out on the electrophoresis of charged dielectric liquid droplets with an equipotential and hydrodynamically slipping surface moving in a quenched polymeric charged hydrogel medium. The liquid inside the droplet is electrically neutral. The Brinkman–Debye–Bueche model is employed to study the gel electrophoresis of such a hydrophobic and equipotential liquid droplet considering the long-range hydrodynamic interaction between a migrating droplet and the gel skeleton. Within the weak field and Debye–Hückel electrostatic framework, we derive an original closed-form expression for electrophoretic mobility, which further recovers the existing mobility expressions derived under several limiting conditions. The derived expressions for electrophoretic mobility explicitly involve exponential integrals, which are not so convenient for practical applications. Thus, the exact forms of the electrophoretic mobility under various electrohydrodynamic conditions are further approximated to make them free from exponential integrals. The approximate forms are found to be in excellent agreement with the exact results with maximum relative errors of about 1.5%.

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Gel electrophoresis: Importance of concentration-dependent permittivity and double-layer polarization

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Electrophoresis of pH‐regulated particles in the presence of multiple ionic species

Electrophoresis of pH‐regulated particles in the presence of multiple ionic species

Transient electrophoresis of a conducting spherical particle embedded in an electrolyte‐saturated Brinkman medium

Gel Electrophoresis of a Hydrophobic Liquid Droplet with an Equipotential Slip Surface

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