Gel Permeation Chromatography of Unsaturated Polyester Resins. Possibilities and Limitations

Podzimek, Štěpán; Hanuš, J.; Klaban, J.; Kitzler, J.

doi:10.1080/01483919008048993

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Problems of GPC of UP are described in Ref. 21. A Spectra-Physics equipment was used, consisting of an SP 8100 liquid chromatograph, an SP 8440 UV-visible detector operating at 254 nm, and an SP 4200 computing integrator.…”

Section: Determination Of Molecular Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase equilibria of modified ethylene glycol–maleic anhydride–phtalic anhydride polyester resins

Hyršl¹,

Podzimek²,

Eichler³

1992

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISThis paper describes the influence of a termination of ended carboxyl groups of ethylene glycol-maleic anhydride-phtalic anhydride polyesters with cyclohexanole on a position of phase interface of the unsaturated polyester-styrene system. At given temperatures, optimal molecular weights were determined for the achievement of maximal miscibility of this polymer with styrene. Simultaneously, a model implicit equation was proposed, which is based on the assumption that the dependence of the interaction parameter x on numberaverage molecular weights is similar to the dependence of the interaction parameter X on temperature. Solution of these implicit equations are isotherms in the phase diagram M,, -6'2 -Tcloude point. INTRODUCTIONUnsaturated polyester ( U P ) resins are solutions of unsaturated polyesters in reactive solvents, mainly styrene. Except for the method of initiation and cure, which has influence on the network density of the UP-styrene system, criteria of physical and chemical properties of cross-linked resins are, above all, the composition of synthetized polyesters, their molecular weight averages and distributions, and, further, generally known effects caused by the method of synthesis. A very important factor is also the content of the reactive solvents and remainder monomers. The choice of the polymerization degree at preparation of UPS and the contents of the reactive solvent is, however, also influenced by the required processing properties of UP before cross-linking. This is, above all, a question of requirements on optimal viscosity, reactivity, and emission of reactive solvents. Then, it is necessary to find UP behavior in the solution with styrene in connection with molecular weight and polydispersity. Phase equilibria and miscibility boundary conditions of the polyester-solvent system may be a limiting criterion of optimalization of UP properties. THEORYAccording to the generally known Flory-Huggins theory, the x parameter is considered to be independent of temperature, concentration of polymer in the solution, and its molecular In modifying the Flory-Huggins theories, this x parameter is considered mostly as function of temperature and concentration. In this paper, we assume that the X parameter is also a function of molecular weight. Flory assumed simplifying presumptions in his theory, such as, for example, identical size of polymer molecules, undisturbed interactions of polymer segments with solvent molecules, and accidental mixing of solvent molecules with polymer. Real systems are obviously different in these aspects connected to a change of energy at elementary contacts of solvent molecules ( 1 ) and polymer segments ( 2 ) . The change of energy at elementary mixing is where wll is an energy of contact type 1-1; w22 is an energy of contact type 2-2; w12 is an energy of contact type 1-2, which contributes to production of solution; w H is the enthalpic term of change of an interaction energy; w s is an enthropic term of change of an interaction energy dependencies on temperatur...

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Section: Determination Of Molecular Weightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase equilibria of modified ethylene glycol–maleic anhydride–phtalic anhydride polyester resins

Hyršl¹,

Podzimek²,

Eichler³

1992

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Podzimek et al (113) used SEC-UV for determining the composition of polyesters. The compositional heterogeneity of nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes between polymethacrylate and poly(N-ethyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide) was investigated by Efremov et al (114) using SEC-UV.…”

Section: Sec With Selective Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size exclusion chromatography

Barth¹,

Boyes²

1992

Anal. Chem.

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book Modern Methods of Particle Size Analysis (Wiley, 1984) and coedited Modern Methods of Polymer Characterization (Wiley, 1991). He has also edited four symposium volumes on polymer characterization published In the Journal of Applied Polymer Science. Barth was on the Instrumentation Advisory Panel of Analytical Chemistry and was Associate Editor of the Journal of Applied Polymer Science. He Is cofounder and Chairman of the International Symposium on Polymer Analysis and Characterization. Barth is past Chairman of the Delaware Section of the American Chemical Society where he presently serves as councilor. Dr. Barth is a member of the American Chemical Society divisions of Analytical Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, and Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, Society of Plastics Engineers, and the Delaware Valley Chromatography Forum. He is also a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemists and a member of Sigma Xi.Barry E. Boyes Is a research and development scientist with Rockland Technologies Inc.. Newport. DE. He received his B.S. in biochemistry in 1982 at the University of Alberta (Edmonton, Alberta). Barry carried out his graduate work at the University of British Columbia (Vancouver, BC). where he received the M.S. in neurological research (1985), working with Professor S.-C. Sung, and the Ph D. in neurosciences (1991) under Professor Edith G. McGeer. Before joining Rockland Technologies, he spent 1'/2 years as a visiting scientist in the Analytical Division of the Central Research and Development Department at the Du Pont Experimental Station. The research activities of Dr. Boyes include the development of analytical techniques for molecular neurobiology, the study of biopolymer structure by hydrodynamic and chromatographic methods, and the investigation of chromatographic materials for biochemical separations.SEC, these proceedings also covered other major technique areas.

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Size Exclusion Chromatography

Podzimek¹

2011

Light Scattering, Size Exclusion Chromatography and Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation

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Gel Permeation Chromatography of Unsaturated Polyester Resins. Possibilities and Limitations

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Phase equilibria of modified ethylene glycol–maleic anhydride–phtalic anhydride polyester resins

Phase equilibria of modified ethylene glycol–maleic anhydride–phtalic anhydride polyester resins

Size exclusion chromatography

Size Exclusion Chromatography

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