Gelatin as a Photosensitive Material

Calixto, Sergio; Ganzherli, N. M.; Gulyaev, S. N.; Figueroa-Gerstenmaier, Susana

doi:10.3390/molecules23082064

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…and pigment-lacking the more typical imaging metals, such as in silver halide photographic prints. Despite the vast history that gelatine has as a photosensitive material [19], we use it here only as a binder for the ink, as upon heating above ∼40°C it flows easily and can be stored as a 'frozen' solution in the fridge (∼6°C), where it sets to a gel. Additionally, it is fairly uniformly transparent in the visible region [20] and so provides less optical interaction with the pigment used.…”

Section: Experimental Methods-ink Formulation and Optical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optical properties of the Woodburytype—an alternative printing technique based on a gelatine/pigment matrix

2020

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The Woodburytype is a 19th century photomechanical printing method, producing high-quality continuous-tone images that use a suspension of carbon black in gelatine as a relief print, in which the variation in height of the print produces the grayscale and contrast. We propose a phenomenological optical model for the process based on Kubelka-Munk theory that considers the ink formulation, the print height and the substrate surface in order to provide the ideal combination of printing depth and contrast.

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Section: Experimental Methods-ink Formulation and Optical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optical properties of the Woodburytype—an alternative printing technique based on a gelatine/pigment matrix

2020

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“…PVA with a hydrolysis degree between 85% and 89% dissolves easily in water at RT, while PVA with a high hydrolysis degree (98–99+%) is not water-soluble at RT and can dissolve at temperatures between 80 °C and 90 °C [ 35 ]. GEL is completely soluble in water, but only at temperatures above 35–40 °C [ 38 ]. At lower temperatures, GEL will swell, rapidly absorbing 5–10 times its weight in water [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Cephradine-Loaded Gelatin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Electrospun Nanofibers for Effective Diabetic Wound Healing: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Assessments

et al. 2021

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Diabetic wound infections caused by conventional antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains are fast emerging, leading to life-threatening situations (e.g., high costs, morbidity, and mortality) associated with delayed healing and chronic inflammation. Electrospinning is one of the most widely used techniques for the fabrication of nanofibers (NFs), induced by a high voltage applied to a drug-loaded polymer solution. Particular attention is given to electrospun NFs for pharmaceutical applications (e.g., original drug delivery systems) and tissue regeneration (e.g., as tissue scaffolds). However, there is a paucity of reports related to their application in diabetic wound infections. Therefore, we prepared eco-friendly, biodegradable, low-immunogenic, and biocompatible gelatin (GEL)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun NFs (BNFs), in which we loaded the broad-spectrum antibiotic cephradine (Ceph). The resulting drug-loaded NFs (LNFs) were characterized physically using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry (for drug loading capacity (LC), drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and drug release kinetics determination), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (for thermostability evaluation), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (for surface morphology analysis), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (for functional group identification). LNFs were further characterized biologically by in-vitro assessment of their potency against S. aureus clinical strains (N = 16) using the Kirby–Bauer test and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, by ex-vivo assessment to evaluate their cytotoxicity against primary human epidermal keratinocytes using MTT assay, and by in-vivo assessment to estimate their diabetic chronic wound-healing efficiency using NcZ10 diabetic/obese mice (N = 18). Thin and uniform NFs with a smooth surface and standard size (<400 nm) were observed by SEM at the optimized 5:5 (GEL:PVA) volumetric ratio. FTIR analyses confirmed the drug loading into BNFs. Compared to free Ceph, LNFs were significantly more thermostable and exhibited sustained/controlled Ceph release. LNFs also exerted a significantly stronger antibacterial activity both in-vitro and in-vivo. LNFs were significantly safer and more efficient for bacterial clearance-induced faster chronic wound healing. LNF-based therapy could be employed as a valuable dressing material to heal S. aureus-induced chronic wounds in diabetic subjects.

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“…For instance, thin gelatin film (e.g., 90 µm thickness) is transparent to visible light and shows only 10% transmission of the medium-infrared light (λ = 10.6 µm), while the mid-infrared spectrum can be effectively absorbed by a thicker film (e.g., 15 µm thickness), which can be used for surface-relief gratings. [200,[205][206][207] In recent years, gelatin has also been used as a triboelectric material for energy harvesting, sensing, and self-powered systems. [106,[208][209][210] For example, Chang et al [209] reported a TENG device consisting of gelatin, glycerol, and PTFE that remains stable even in an environment with high relative humidity (RH).…”

Section: Gelatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐Derived Natural Materials Based Triboelectric Devices for Self‐Powered Ubiquitous Wearable and Implantable Intelligent Devices

Yang

Fan

2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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The capability of devices in future ubiquitous networked wearable and implantable electronics to efficiently scavenge and store operational power from their working environment through sustainable pathways would enable viable self‐powering schemes in societally‐pervasive applications such as advanced healthcare and robotics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can efficiently harvest the ubiquitous mechanical energy for powering electronics and sensors. However, the majority of demonstrated TENG prototypes have been built with materials that are not biodegradable or biocompatible, which significantly hinders the application of TENGs for wearable and implantable technologies. In this review, the recent progress of the wearable and implantable triboelectric devices built with bio‐derived natural materials is summarized. The properties of these natural biopolymers are discussed in the context of self‐powered triboelectric applications. The common manufacturing methods for processing these materials into triboelectric devices are also discussed. In addition, the applications of the bio‐derived natural materials based TENGs for in vitro and in vivo applications are discussed. Finally, the outstanding challenges and potential opportunities for the development of bio‐derived natural materials based triboelectric devices targeting wearable and implantable human‐integrated applications are analyzed.

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Gelatin as a Photosensitive Material

Cited by 50 publications

References 113 publications

The optical properties of the Woodburytype—an alternative printing technique based on a gelatine/pigment matrix

The optical properties of the Woodburytype—an alternative printing technique based on a gelatine/pigment matrix

Development of Cephradine-Loaded Gelatin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Electrospun Nanofibers for Effective Diabetic Wound Healing: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Assessments

Bio‐Derived Natural Materials Based Triboelectric Devices for Self‐Powered Ubiquitous Wearable and Implantable Intelligent Devices

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