Gelatin-pyrolyzed mesoporous carbon as a high-performance sodium-storage material

Guan, Zhaoruxin; Liu, Huan; Xu, Bin; Xin, Hao; Wang, Zhaoxiang; Chen, Liquan

doi:10.1039/c5ta01446h

Cited by 104 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, some fatal problems are also limiting the practical applications of alloy anode materials. During the sodiation process, alloys have to experience a large volumetric expansion, resulting in the structural collapse [138]. In this section, some typical Na alloys for Na storage are introduced and methods to alleviate severe volumetric expansion of alloy anode materials are also discussed.…”

Section: Alloy Anode Materials For Sodium-ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Considerations on Crystal Structures and Sodium Storage Mechanisms

Wang

Shanmukaraj

et al. 2018

Electrochem. Energ. Rev.

256

122

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Sodium-ion batteries have been emerging as attractive technologies for large-scale electrical energy storage and conversion, owing to the natural abundance and low cost of sodium resources. However, the development of sodium-ion batteries faces tremendous challenges, which is mainly due to the difficulty to identify appropriate cathode materials and anode materials. In this review, the research progresses on cathode and anode materials for sodium-ion batteries are comprehensively reviewed. We focus on the structural considerations for cathode materials and sodium storage mechanisms for anode materials. With the worldwide effort, high-performance sodium-ion batteries will be fully developed for practical applications.

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Section: Alloy Anode Materials For Sodium-ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Considerations on Crystal Structures and Sodium Storage Mechanisms

Wang

Shanmukaraj

et al. 2018

Electrochem. Energ. Rev.

256

122

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“…From elemental analysis, the nitrogen content of the N-CNF is 7.15 wt%, which is much higher than previously reported N-doped carbon materials for SIBs. [ 18,21,35 ] The high nitrogen doping in carbon nanomaterials would further modify the chemical and electronic properties of the carbon host and then enhance the sodium storage compared with nondoped carbon materials. [ 18,19,29,35 ] Digital photographs of the N-CNF with different bending angles, which imply that the N-CNF electrode has good fl exibility, are shown in Figure 3 a.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201502217mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 18,21,35 ] The high nitrogen doping in carbon nanomaterials would further modify the chemical and electronic properties of the carbon host and then enhance the sodium storage compared with nondoped carbon materials. [ 18,19,29,35 ] Digital photographs of the N-CNF with different bending angles, which imply that the N-CNF electrode has good fl exibility, are shown in Figure 3 a. It can be clearly seen that the N-CNF has a free-standing structure and good mechanical integrity, which allows it to be freely folded and shaped into any required form ( Figure S6, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201502217mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such high specifi c surface area and the large quantity of micropores will play an important role in the wettability of the electrolyte and the fast diffusion of ions during the charge/discharge process, which facilitates the high-rate performance of the battery electrodes. [ 21,35,36 ] Adv. Energy Mater.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201502217mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 3 e shows the high-resolution XPS C1s core level, which can be deconvoluted into four contributions appearing at 284.7, 286.1, 287.6, and 290.0 eV, indexed to the graphitic (sp2 hybridized) carbon (C-C), the carbon in the C-N and C-O bonds, carbon atoms bound to one oxygen atom by a double bond (C O), and carbon bound to two oxygen atoms (O C-O), respectively. [ 35,37 ] Furthermore, the high-resolution N1s spectrum analysis shows that it consists of pyridinic (N-6, 398.3 eV), pyrrolic (N-5, 400.1 eV), and quaternary nitrogen (N-Q, 401.1 eV) (Figure 3 f and Table S1, Supporting Information). [ 38,39 ] The plenty N-containing species can serve as electrochemically active sites contributing to the Na-ion storage capacity of the carbon nanofi bers for SIBs.…”

Section: Wileyonlinelibrarycommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free‐Standing Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanofiber Films: Integrated Electrodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Ultralong Cycle Life and Superior Rate Capability

Wang

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

467

257

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for high energy density because it typically uses copper or aluminum as the current collectors and insulating polymers as the binder. These inactive materials (metal substrate, binder, and carbon black) signifi cantly reduce the overall energy density of the electrodes. To construct SIBs with high energy density, one elegant strategy is to design a free-standing and binder-free electrode in which all of the materials participate in the sodium storage. With excellent fl exibility, carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanofi ber networks, [ 20 ] carbon nanotube, [ 22 ] and graphene paper, [23][24][25] have been fabricated as free-standing fl exible electrodes with improved performance for LIBs. As for SIBs, Singh and co-workers have fabricated MoS 2 /graphene composite paper for SIBs by vacuum fi ltration. [ 26 ] Compared with vacuum fi ltration, the electrospinning technique might be more practical for large-scale fabrication and thickness modifi cation of fl exible fi lm. However, only a few free-standing carbon-based anode materials fabricated by electrospinning for SIBs have been investigated and most of them have a limited cycle life. [ 21 ] Therefore, the fabrication of free-standing fl exible electrodes for SIBs with excellent electrochemical performance is still a great challenge. Herein, we report a new electrospinning strategy to fabricate a free-standing fl exible nitrogen-doped carbon nanofi ber fi lm (N-CNF) using polyamic acid (PAA) as a polymer precursor (as shown in Figure 1 ). After imidation, the PAA nanofi bers are transformed into polyimide (PI) nanofi bers with high thermal stability and carbon residue. A free-standing N-CNF with excellent fl exibility and structural stability can be successfully obtained by carbonization. The as-prepared freestanding N-CNF features a three-dimensional (3D) carbon fi ber network structure with multiscale nanopores, high nitrogen doping level, high structural durability, and excellent mechanical fl exibility. This unique nanostructure can effectively facilitate the insertion/extraction of sodium ions. Remarkably, this new N-CNF exhibits a reversible capacity of 210 mAh g −1 at the 7000th cycle at a current density of 5 A g −1 (corresponding to a capacity retention of 99%) and retained a capacity of 154 mAh g −1 even at a very high current density of 15 A g −1 . To the best of our knowledge, such high rate capability and ultralong cycle life has not been achieved in previous works on carbon-based anode materials for SIBs.As shown in Figure 2 a, compared with the precursor, the N-CNF shrinks by ≈20% after thermal treatment, still featuring stable smoothness surface without any pulverization. The residual carbon of the PI fi lm is ≈50% ( Figure S1, Supporting Information). The relatively high carbon residue content sustains the high structural stability of the fi lm, which is beneficial to the mechanical properties of the fi lm. The small size change before and after thermal treatment with a large reduced Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have received great interest a...

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Application of 2D Nanomaterials for Energy Storage

Barik,

Chakroborty

2024

2D Nanomaterials

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Gelatin-pyrolyzed mesoporous carbon as a high-performance sodium-storage material

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing mesoporous carbons obtained by co-pyrolyzing gelatin and magnesium citrate at different temperatures show high reversible sodium storage capacity (up to 360 mA h g−1) and excellent cycling stability.

Cited by 104 publications

References 33 publications

Electrode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Considerations on Crystal Structures and Sodium Storage Mechanisms

Electrode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Considerations on Crystal Structures and Sodium Storage Mechanisms

Free‐Standing Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanofiber Films: Integrated Electrodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Ultralong Cycle Life and Superior Rate Capability

Application of 2D Nanomaterials for Energy Storage

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