Gemcitabine in Combination with a Second Cytotoxic Agent in the First-Line Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Gemcitabine-based doublet regimens demonstrated superiority over gemcitabine monotherapy in overall efficacy, but were associated with increased toxicity. Different gemcitabine-based combinations showed different antitumor activity, and doublet regimens of gemcitabine in combination with a taxoid or a fluoropyrimidine, in particular an oral fluoropyrimidine provided significant survival benefits in the first-line treatment of unresectable LA/MPC.

The potential of radiolabeled chemotherapeutics in tumor diagnosis: Preliminary investigations with 68Ga‐gemcitabine

“…By virtue of its distinctive features of cellular pharmacology, metabolic properties, and mechanistic characteristics, gemcitabine occupies an important place at the forefront of chemotherapy for the treatment of a wide variety of tumors (Ciccolini, Serdjebi, Peters, & Giovannetti, 2016;Crin o & Cappuzzo, 2002;Dubey, Saneja, Gupta, & Gupta, 2016;Ducoulombier, Cousin, Kotecki, & Penel, 2016;Hansen, 2001;Liu, Zhang, Li, Zhang, & Lu, 2014;Ottaiano et al, 2017;Rizzuto, Ghazaly, & Peters, 2017;Schlack, Boegemann, Steinestel, Schrader, & Krabbe, 2016;Thigpen, 2002;Zhang et al, 2017;Zhao, Guo, Sun, Lv, & Qiu, 2017). The source of cytotoxic activity of gemcitabine is primarily attributed to its ability to transport across the cell membrane to get phosphorylated efficiently, slower rate of elimination along with selfpotentiation mechanisms to mask DNA chain termination and extensive inhibitory efficiency against several enzymes (Barton- Burke, 1999;Plunkett et al, 1995;Plunkett, Huang, Searcy, & Gandhi, 1996;Plunkett, Huang, & Gandhi, 1997).…”

Pectolinarigenin Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth by Inhibiting STAT3 Signaling

“…Despite an aggressive approach combining both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, about 25-30% of patients with local recurrence and/or distant metastases still fail [20]. Gemcitabine is used to treat patients with PC, however, the response rate is below 12% and is associated with increased toxicity [21,22]. The prognosis for patients with metastatic disease is poor [23].…”

Estimation of Gemcitabine-Induced Lipid Peroxidation Using Common Laboratory Markers: Role of Morin

“…Gemcitabine has wide application in cancer therapy particularly breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and bladder cancer. But along with its use the compound also produces several side effects such as pale skin, easy bruising or bleeding, numbness or tingly feeling, weakness, nausea, vomiting, upset stomach, diarrhea, constipation, headache, skin rash, drowsiness, hair loss etc 3 . Lipid peroxidation is a free radical related process that may occur in the biological system under enzymatic control or non-enzymatically [4][5][6] .…”