Gemfibrozil and carbamazepine decrease steroid production in zebrafish testes ( Danio rerio )

Fraz, Shamaila; Lee, Abigail H.; Wilson, Joanna Y.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.006

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 70 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These authors also examined the molecular effects of gemfibrozil and atorvastatin on their fish specimens, demonstrating: (1) the up-regulation of PPARA, coding for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in the females, but not the males, which is consistent with the greater reduction in the triglyceride levels, (2) the drug-induced upregulation of PPARG, coding for the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, (3) the atorvastatin-triggered up-regulation of SREPB1 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein), coding for a transcriptional activator of fatty acids and the triglyceride synthesis, (4) the drug-induced, male-specific up-regulation of CYP3A6, coding for the cytochrome P450 3A6 protein involved in the detoxification of endogenous substances and xenobiotics and ( 5) the drug-induced, male-specific up-regulation of Atrogin-1, whose protein product is responsible for resistance to the toxic effect of statins. Fraz et al [169] and Galus et al [170] revealed the same findings, confirming the inhibition effects of gemfibrozil on 11-ketotestosterone in their male and female specimens (Table 3, Figure 3). These studies highlighted gender-dependent effects, substantiating a lipid-lowering role played by these drugs in the zebrafish species.…”

Section: Antidyslipidemicssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The different trends of these enzymatic activities, which have been shown to be concentration dependent, are probably due to a condition of high oxidative stress at high exposure concentrations with a consequential suffering of the organism, unlike the lower concentrations in which the antioxidant system still responds to increase the levels of enzyme released into the circulation. Beyond this, carbamazepine (10 µg/L) also had an inhibiting effect on 11-ketotestosterone levels in the whole body, the plasma and the tests of male fishes after 67 days of drug exposure [169]. The authors suggested that there is an impact on testicular androgen production in zebrafish after chronic exposure, but it seems more probably a general effect in the organism due to stress and cell death, rather than a pure endocrine response.…”

Section: Antiepileptics and Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human Drug Pollution in the Aquatic System: The Biochemical Responses of Danio rerio Adults

Mauro

Lazzara

Arizza

et al. 2021

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To date, drug pollution in aquatic systems is an urgent issue, and Danio rerio is a model organism to study the toxicological effects of environmental pollutants. The scientific literature has analyzed the effect of human drug pollution on the biochemical responses in the tissues of D. rerio adults. However, the information is still scarce and conflicting, making it difficult to understand its real impact. The scientific studies are not consistent with each other and, until now, no one has grouped their results to create a baseline of knowledge of the possible impacts. In this review, the analysis of literature data highlights that the effects of drugs on adult zebrafishes depend on various factors, such as the tissue analyzed, the drug concentration and the sex of the individuals. Furthermore, the most influenced biochemical responses concern enzymes (e.g., antioxidants and hydrolase enzymes) and total protein and hormonal levels. Pinpointing the situation to date would improve the understanding of the chronic effects of human drug pollution, helping both to reduce it in the aquatic systems and then to draw up regulations to control this type of pollution.

show abstract

Section: Antidyslipidemicssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Antiepileptics and Antipsychoticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Drug Pollution in the Aquatic System: The Biochemical Responses of Danio rerio Adults

Mauro

Lazzara

Arizza

et al. 2021

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As vertebrates, fish are perhaps more susceptible to pharmaceutical exposure than invertebrates because pharmaceuticals are designed for human (vertebrate) use. Data on the toxic effects of CBZ on fish have been reported for different species, such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio), Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus), and Japanese medaka (Oryzia latipeus) [15][16][17][18][19][20]. For example, 0.5 µg/L CBZ exposure increased embryo mortality, lowered plasma steroid hormone levels, and decreased egg production in zebrafish [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Molecular Investigation into the Effects of Carbamazepine Exposure in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Chen

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concerns regarding environmental exposures and the impacts of pharmaceuticals on non-target aquatic organisms continue to increase. The antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ) is often detected as an aquatic contaminant and can disrupt various behaviors of fishes. However, there are few reports which investigate the mechanism of CBZ action in fish. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of CBZ on embryonic development (i.e., hatching rate, heart rate, and body length) and early spontaneous movement. Moreover, we sought to investigate potential mechanisms by focusing on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter system in zebrafish 6 days after of exposure. The results show that CBZ exposure did not cause significant effects on embryo development (hatching rate, heart rate, nor body length) at the test concentrations. However, the early spontaneous movement of embryos was inhibited following 10 μg/L CBZ exposure at 28–29 h post-fertilization (hpf). In addition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and GABA concentrations were increased with exposure, whereas glutamate (Glu) concentrations were decreased in larval zebrafish. Gene expression analysis revealed that GABA and glutamate metabolic pathways in zebrafish larvae were altered following exposure to CBZ. GABA transaminase (abat) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad1b) decreased to 100 µg/L, and glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1b (grin1b) as well as the glutamate receptor, ionotropic, α-amino-3hydroxy-5methylisoxazole-4propionic 2b (gria2b) were down-regulated with exposure to 1 µg/L CBZ. Our study suggests that CBZ, which can act as an agonist of the GABAA receptor in humans, can also induce alterations in the GABAergic system in fish. Overall, this study improves understanding of the neurotoxicity and behavioral toxicity of zebrafish exposed to CBZ and generates data to be used to understand mechanisms of action that may underlie antiepileptic drug exposures.

show abstract

“…All these studies show that caffeine besides to be an anthropogenic marker, is an emerging contaminant and thus assessing exposure to a given risk is important to ensure the integrity of human health and the diversity of aquatic ecosystems [34][35][36] .…”

Section: Caffeine As An Emerging Contaminant: Concentrations and Ecotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of caffeine in wastewater and sewage and applied techniques for analysis: a review

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emerging contaminants are substances found in the environment whose concentrations vary from µg to ng L-1 and whose presence in wastewater has gained popularity in the scientific community due to the potential impacts these compounds can cause to the environment. This designation concerns the lack of legislation to regulate their discharge or even to monitor these compounds. Moreover, emerging contaminants are capable of causing harmful effects to nontarget organisms and therefore affect the ecosystem balance. There are several compounds classified as emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, hormones, pesticides, among others. And among them, caffeine is considered an emerging contaminant and can be highlighted due its presence in medicines, beverages, foodstuff and several other products. In addition, it is a compound used worldwide recognized as a marker of anthropogenic activity. In this review, we present a discussion about emerging contaminants, focusing on caffeine, regulatory aspects that involve the theme, as well as effects on organisms, removal technologies and techniques for analyzing these compounds in environmental matrices.

show abstract

Gemfibrozil and carbamazepine decrease steroid production in zebrafish testes ( Danio rerio )

Cited by 33 publications

References 70 publications

Human Drug Pollution in the Aquatic System: The Biochemical Responses of Danio rerio Adults

Human Drug Pollution in the Aquatic System: The Biochemical Responses of Danio rerio Adults

Development and Molecular Investigation into the Effects of Carbamazepine Exposure in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Occurrence of caffeine in wastewater and sewage and applied techniques for analysis: a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About