Geminates

Davis, Stuart

doi:10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0037

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…is has been speci cally observed by Watson (2002), though the discussion below is based on Davis (2011). Consider the data in 14 of weight so that the nal syllable can only be stressed if it is bimoraic, absent the nal segment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We will focus on two major views: the prosodic length representation and the moraic weight representation. 2 As discussed in Davis (2011), the prosodic length analysis of geminates goes back to Leben (1980) who posited an autosegmental representation of geminates in which a single phoneme is linked to two C-slots on a skeletal tier that encodes the prosody of the word in terms of C-slots and V-slots. Under this view, a geminate consonant would be represented as in (2a) while a nongeminate would be represented as a phoneme linked to a single C-slot as in (2b).…”

Section: Background -E Phonological Representation Of Geminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 While in Hayes's (1989) version of moraic theory a geminate is underlyingly moraic, the weight of a (nongeminate) coda consonant is language speci c. Such a coda can be made moraic by a rule (or constraint) that requires codas to be 3. As discussed in Davis (2011), there is an important di erence between the moraic analysis in (5) and the prosodic weight analysis in (3). e prosodic length analysis is typically connected to phonetic duration.…”

Section: Background -E Phonological Representation Of Geminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geminate representation in Arabic

Davis

Ragheb

2014

Studies in Arabic Linguistics

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Arabic dialects are characterized by the occurrence of geminate consonants in word-medial and word-nal position. is article relates the patterning of Arabic geminates to the ongoing controversy in phonological theory concerning the representation of geminate consonants. Two views are contrasted: the prosodic length analysis of geminates whereby a geminate is underlyingly a single consonant phoneme linked to two C-slots, and the moraic weight representation where a geminate is underlyingly a single consonant linked to a mora. We speci cally argue that the patterning of geminate consonants in Arabic dialects largely supports the moraic weight representation. Evidence comes from phenomena such as the patterning of word-nal geminates, the behavior of geminates with respect to stress, geminates in loanwords, and geminates in rst language acquisition. We show that each of these phenomena supports the moraic weight representation of geminates.

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confidence: 90%

Section: Background -E Phonological Representation Of Geminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background -E Phonological Representation Of Geminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geminate representation in Arabic

Davis

Ragheb

2014

Studies in Arabic Linguistics

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“…There are various motivations for an investigation of this kind: first, a qualitative distinction would parallel relatively recent findings on qualitative differences in contrastive vowel length in Arabic (Alghamdi, 1998;Al-Tamimi, 2007); these have only been particularly noted since experimental work on Arabic vowels started to emerge, with previous small-scale studies suggesting that the contrast is purely durational (e.g., Al-Ani, 1970, among others). Second, while the phonology of Arabic is heavily oriented towards phonological contrasts in vowels and consonants that are based on length and moraic timing (e.g., Broselow et al, 1997;Davis, 2011;Watson, 2007), it is important to examine the phonetic basis of phonological length in order to test whether articulatory strength still plays a role in a contrast that is heavily based on phonetic timing. This would highlight the correlation between the two and enable the study of perceptual cues that might enhance this contrast.…”

Section: B Gemination In Lebanese Arabicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a phonological point of view, gemination typically refers to a consonantal length contrast which can be employed for lexical, morphological, and/or pragmatic purposes (e.g., Broselow et al, 1997;Cohn, 2003;Davis, 2011). From a phonetic point of view, the contrast has a variety of temporal and non-temporal manifestations which vary in their magnitude and domain depending on the language in question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic cue weighting in the singleton vs geminate contrast in Lebanese Arabic: The case of fricative consonants

Al-Tamimi¹,

Khattab²

2015

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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This paper is the first reported investigation of the role of non-temporal acoustic cues in the singleton-geminate contrast in Lebanese Arabic, alongside the more frequently reported temporal cues. The aim is to explore the extent to which singleton and geminate consonants show qualitative differences in a language where phonological length is prominent and where moraic structure governs segment timing and syllable weight. Twenty speakers (ten male, ten female) were recorded producing trochaic disyllables with medial singleton and geminate fricatives preceded by phonologically short and long vowels. The following acoustic measures were applied on the medial fricative and surrounding vowels: absolute duration; intensity; fundamental frequency; spectral peak and shape, dynamic amplitude, and voicing patterns of medial fricatives; and vowel quality and voice quality correlates of surrounding vowels. Discriminant analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to assess each acoustic cue's contribution to the singleton-geminate contrast. Classification rates of 89% and ROC curves with an area under the curve rate of 96% confirmed the major role played by temporal cues, with non-temporal cues contributing to the contrast but to a much lesser extent. These results confirm that the underlying contrast for gemination in Arabic is temporal, but highlight [+tense] (fortis) as a secondary feature.

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An analysis of North Saami gradation

2012

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This paper gives a moraic analysis of gemination and laryngeal alternations associated with consonant gradation in North Saami. Gradation gives rise to a surface three-way length distinction in consonants, which is essential to understanding length in vowels and diphthongs. It is explained by a system of prosodic rules applying to underlying representations containing only a two-way contrast between geminate and singleton consonants, plus a floating mora present in certain suffixes, which results in surface alternations between extra-long and long or between long and short consonants. An enlightening explanation of quantity alternations is available if one exploits the possibility implicit in moraic theory that the relationship between segments and moras can be surface-contrastive, and we show that recourse to trimoraic syllables is unnecessary, despite the surface three-way length difference. These prosodic alternations also result in shifts in the timing of preaspiration and preglottalisation, as well as loss of these laryngeal specifications.

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Geminates

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Geminate representation in Arabic

Geminate representation in Arabic

Acoustic cue weighting in the singleton vs geminate contrast in Lebanese Arabic: The case of fricative consonants

An analysis of North Saami gradation

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