Geminiviruses Infecting Tomato Crops in Nicaragua

Abstract

Geminiviruses transmitted by whiteflies are believed to be responsible for the devastating epidemic in tomato crops in Nicaragua, as well as in other Central American countries. Polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers was used to amplify partial sequences of the geminivirus coat protein gene from samples of diseased tomato plants collected from the major tomato-growing areas of Nicaragua. The data indicated the presence of geminiviruses in all tested regions of the country. DNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis of the amplified sequences showed that they corresponded to four different geminiviruses related to the other begomoviruses native to the Americas. One of the viruses, which was detected in three regions of Nicaragua, is probably Sinaloa tomato leaf curl virus. The sequences of two of the other detected viruses showed close relationships with several geminiviruses, including Tomato mottle virus, Tomato leaf crumple virus, and Sida golden mosaic virus, all of which previously have been reported from Central America. The fourth virus is closely related at sequence level to a tomato-infecting geminivirus from Honduras, putatively designated Tomato mild mottle virus. This virus seems to be different from the other known American begomoviruses because it groups separately in the phylogenetic analysis.

First report of the identification of Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus in papaya in Democratic Republic of Congo

“…The virus also infected Nicotiana benthamiana , producing leaf curling and mosaic symptoms 2 weeks after mechanical inoculation. PCR products were generated using generic primers (Deng 540/541 [Deng et al ., 1994] and prV324/C889 [primers referenced in Rojas et al ., 2000]) to component A of begomoviruses and sequenced. Specific primers (ToMHV F1 GCAAATACGAGAATCATACTGAG and ToMHV R2 CAATTGTACGGAAAGAGGAAAGG) were designed to obtain the complete sequence of 2619 nucleotides of component DNA A (GenBank EF088197).…”

“…Two small partial sequences from Jamaica (AF035224 and U82829) also aligned with more than 90% identity. ToMHV was first identified and sequenced in Cuba and found to be a distinct begomovirus (Martinez Zubiaur et al ., 1998 (Rojas et al ., 2000;Ala-Poikela et al ., 2005). However, these surveys failed to detect ToMHV.…”

Molecular Characterization of Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV) in South Gujarat, India

“…This indicated that the Begomovirus infecting legumes are entirely distinct from the Begomoviruses infecting other crops. (Muniyappa et al, 2003;Rojas, 2004).…”

MANEJO DE MOSCA BLANCA (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius.) Y GEMINIVIRUS EN SEMILLEROS DE TOMATE (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) BAJO PROTECCIÓN FÍSICA Y QUÍMICA Y SU EFECTO EN LA PRODUCCIÓN

“…Las altas o bajas poblaciones de mosca blanca en parcelas de tomate, están influenciadas por condiciones ambientales como temperatura, humedad relativa, y precipitación (Hilje,1993) así como también por las características genéticas que posea la variedad a cultivar (Rojas et al, 2000); por tal razón, se puede mencionar que las poblaciones de este insecto no siempre se comportan de forma similar en todas las parcelas. Existe una gran diferencia en lo que son insectos plagas e insectos vectores por lo tanto sus poblaciones deben ser manejadas de forma diferente, razón por la cual muchos de estos insectos se han convertido en serio problema para la agricultura (Jiménez-Martínez, 2008).…”