Gender, age and seasonal effects on IgA deficiency: a study of 7293 Caucasians

Weber-Mzell, Daniela; Kotanko, Peter; Hauer, Almuthe; Goriup, U; Haas, Jere D.; Lanner, Natalie; Erwa, Wolfgang; Ahmaida, I. A.; Haitchi-Petnehazy, Sophie; Stenzel, Martin; Lanzer, G.; Deutsch, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2004.01311.x

Cited by 86 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Secretory IgA-deficient individuals have low levels of serum IgA and of mucosal IgA. The percent of the world's human population deficient in IgA ranges from 0.001 to 0.1% (245). In IgA-deficient individuals, the decrease of sIgA is compensated by increased IgM and IgG levels (75).…”

Section: Iga Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

The ABCs (Antibody, B Cells, and Carbohydrate Epitopes) of Cholera Immunity: Considerations for an Improved Vaccine

Provenzano

Kòváč

Wade

2006

Microbiology and Immunology

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A Gram-negative bacterium, V. cholerae, causes cholera, the paradigm of water-born infections. Cholera is a highly contagious diarrheal disease (34,199). Diarrhea, which may range from moderate to severe, appears within 1-5 days of ingestion of contaminated food or water. Massive fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance can lead to high mortality if fluid replacement is not provided. Many cholera survivors are immune to a second infection showing that immunity can be acquired (140). Since 1854, when Dr. John Snow demonstrated the cholera contagion at the Broad Street pump in London, and later when Robert Koch (1884) isolated the cholera bacterium in pure culture, biomedical investigators have relentlessly pursued the understanding of V. cholerae pathogenesis in an attempt to prevent future cholera epidemics. As a result, the biology of both cholera and of V. cholerae have become increasingly clear. We know of V. cholerae's ability to sense the environment and respond to different metabolic needs either in estuaries or in the human host (258). We know of El Nino's climatic influence on V. cholerae in Latin America and of the seasonal influence on cholera in endemic areas (126). The potential for V. cholerae bacterial phages to limit (by lysis) the aquatic pool of V. cholerae has been postulated to play a role in endemic cholera (69). Received April 26, 2006Abstract: Cholera, a diarrheal disease, is known for explosive epidemics that can quickly kill thousands. Endemic cholera is a seasonal torment that also has a significant mortality. Not all nations with extensive rural communities can achieve the required infrastructure or behavioral changes to prevent epidemic or endemic cholera. For some communities, a single-dose cholera vaccine that protects those at risk is the most efficacious means to reduce morbidity and mortality. It is clear that our understanding of what a protective cholera immune response is has not progressed at the rate our understanding of the pathogenesis and molecular biology of cholera infection has. This review addresses V. cholerae lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-based immunogens because LPS is the only immunogen proven to induce protective antibody in humans. We discuss the role of anti-LPS antibodies in protection from cholera, the importance and the potential role of B cell subsets in protection that is based on their anatomical location and the intrinsic antigen-receptor specificity of various subsets is introduced.

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Section: Iga Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

The ABCs (Antibody, B Cells, and Carbohydrate Epitopes) of Cholera Immunity: Considerations for an Improved Vaccine

Provenzano

Kòváč

Wade

2006

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The prevalence in samples submitted to hospital laboratories is generally higher than in the population as a whole. 37,38 The prevalence varies in di¡erent racial groups in the same geographical area. Among healthy blood donors, the prevalence ranges from one in 328--633 for those of European ancestry 39--41 to one in 5000 in China and one in 18,500 in Japan 42 and is even lower in India.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Primary Immunoglobulin a Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical significance of immunoglobulin A deficiency

2007

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“…A study in 7,293 Caucasians showed that serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels are highest in winter. The surfaces of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts represent major sites of potential attack by invading micro-organisms and IgA, as the principal antibody class in the secretions that bathe these mucosal surfaces, is an important first line of defense against infection [39]. Yet, while infection-related mortality was not found to be higher in the winter months, it is possible that infections contributed to CVD mortality [40].…”

Section: Seasonal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cycles, Arrows and Turbulence: Time Patterns in Renal Disease, a Path from Epidemiology to Personalized Medicine?

et al. 2018

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Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience unique patterns in their lifetime, such as the start of dialysis and renal transplantation. In addition, there is also an intricate link between ESRD and biological time patterns. In terms of cyclic patterns, the circadian blood pressure (BP) rhythm can be flattened, contributing to allostatic load, whereas the circadian temperature rhythm is related to the decline in BP during hemodialysis (HD). Seasonal variations in BP and interdialytic-weight gain have been observed in ESRD patients in addition to a profound relative increase in mortality during the winter period. Moreover, nonphysiological treatment patters are imposed in HD patients, leading to an excess mortality at the end of the long interdialytic interval. Recently, new evidence has emerged on the prognostic impact of trajectories of common clinical and laboratory parameters such as BP, body temperature, and serum albumin, in addition to single point in time measurements. Backward analysis of changes in cardiovascular, nutritional, and inflammatory parameters before the occurrence as hospitalization or death has shown that changes may already occur within months to even 1–2 years before the event, possibly providing a window of opportunity for earlier interventions. Disturbances in physiological variability, such as in heart rate, characterized by a loss of fractal patterns, are associated with increased mortality. In addition, an increase in random variability in different parameters such as BP and sodium is also associated with adverse outcomes. Novel techniques, based on time-dependent analysis of variability and trends and interactions of multiple physiological and laboratory parameters, for which machine-learning approaches may be necessary, are likely of help to the clinician in the future. However, upcoming research should also evaluate whether dynamic patterns observed in large epidemiological studies have relevance for the individual risk profile of the patient.

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Gender, age and seasonal effects on IgA deficiency: a study of 7293 Caucasians

Abstract: The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA levels is increased in males. There exists a significant influence of gender, age and seasons on SIgA levels.

Cited by 86 publications

References 27 publications

The ABCs (Antibody, B Cells, and Carbohydrate Epitopes) of Cholera Immunity: Considerations for an Improved Vaccine

The ABCs (Antibody, B Cells, and Carbohydrate Epitopes) of Cholera Immunity: Considerations for an Improved Vaccine

The clinical significance of immunoglobulin A deficiency

Cycles, Arrows and Turbulence: Time Patterns in Renal Disease, a Path from Epidemiology to Personalized Medicine?

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