Gender analysis of the anterior femoral condyle geometry of the knee

Li, Pingyue; Tsai, Tsung‐Yuan; Li, Jingsheng; Wang, Shaobai; Zhang, Yu; Kwon, Young‐Min; Rubash, Harry E.; Li, Guoan

doi:10.1016/j.knee.2013.12.001

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many studies supported that although the female knees are smaller in size than male knees, the normalized dimensions showed little differences between the genders . In the present study, compared to female knees, male knees only showed greater external tibial rotation and more posteriorly positioned medial femoral condyle at low flexion angles during the continuous weightbearing flexion‐extension movement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Motion of the femoral condyles in flexion and extension during a continuous lunge

Tsai

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Numerous studies have reported on in-vivo posterior femoral condyle translations during various activities of the knee. However, no data has been reported on the knee motion during a continuous flexion-extension cycle. Further, few studies have investigated the gender variations on the knee kinematics. This study quantitatively determined femoral condylar motion of 10 male and 10 female knees during a continuous weightbearing flexion-extension cycle using two-dimensional to three-dimensional fluoroscopic tracking technique. The knees were CT-scanned to create three-dimensional models of the tibia and femur. Continuous images of each subject were taken using a single-fluoroscopic imaging system. The knee kinematics were measured along the motion path using geometric center axis of the femur. The results indicated that statistical differences between the flexion and extension motions were only found in internal-external tibial rotation and lateral femoral condylar motion at the middle range of flexion angles. At low flexion angles, male knees have greater external tibial rotation and more posteriorly positioned medial femoral condyle than females. The knee did not show a specific pivoting type of rotation with flexion. Axial rotation center varied from lateral to medial compartments of the knee. These data could provide useful information for understanding physiological motion of normal knees.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Motion of the femoral condyles in flexion and extension during a continuous lunge

Tsai

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…A gender difference still existed after normalization, which indicated an anatomical feature in male TKA patients with higher anterior condyles. In contrast, both Fehring et al 24 and Li et al 16 reported a similar anterior condylar morphology between genders in healthy Caucasian knees. Our results were measured from the Chinese population and with severe OA, which could be the potential reason for the difference.…”

Section: Overhang (%)mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…13,15 A standard coronal plane β was made perpendicular to plane α, parallel to SEA, and flush with the anterior border of the distal femoral cortices, which represented the ideal anterior cut with no notching. 16 Points L and M were defined as the most posterior point on the medial and lateral posterior condyles, respectively, and the line connecting these two points was the PCL, which might be in a different plane with the SEA (►Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Variable Femoral Morphology in Osteoarthritic Chinese: Are Prostheses Today Sufficiently Suitable?

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

J Knee Surg

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We aimed to retrospectively investigate the morphology of the resected surfaces of femurs in Chinese patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to assess the suitability of contemporary femoral components. Measurements on three-dimensional reconstruction after virtual bone cutting were performed on 142 knees from Chinese TKA candidates. The anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) dimensions, aspect ratio (ML/AP), and posterior condylar angle (PCA) were measured in the axial plane; the height and length of medial and lateral anterior condyles and the maximal width of the anterior condyles were measured in the frontal plane. Femurs were matched to the prosthesis with the closest AP size. The ML dimensions of femurs were compared with the ML dimensions of the prosthesis. The AP and ML dimensions were significantly larger in male knees ( < 0.01), whereas the difference of aspect ratios was not found to be significantly different between genders ( = 0.26). Both medial and lateral heights of the anterior condyles were significantly higher in men after normalization by AP ( < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). The mean PCA averaged 3.8 degrees for Chinese subjects. The overall prevalence of clinically significant overhang was 6.4% in males and 4.8% in females. The design of femoral prosthesis with alternative ML dimensions of the femoral component is a solution to sufficiently avoid overhang while retaining ideal coverage when dealing with a high variation. Chinese men had higher anterior condyles than women after normalization by AP dimension. The mean PCA was 3.8 degrees for all patients with high variability.

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“…This phenomenon may correspond to the greater flexion angle ( Fig. 7D ) and smaller femoral condyle size of females 46 , which leads to a strain concentration in the femoral cartilage. Future studies designed with larger subject cohorts will be required to distinguish among these and other explanations for the male-female differences observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In vivo articular cartilage deformation: noninvasive quantification of intratissue strain during joint contact in the human knee

Chan

Cai

Butz

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

122

117

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The in vivo measurement of articular cartilage deformation is essential to understand how mechanical forces distribute throughout the healthy tissue and change over time in the pathologic joint. Displacements or strain may serve as a functional imaging biomarker for healthy, diseased, and repaired tissues, but unfortunately intratissue cartilage deformation in vivo is largely unknown. Here, we directly quantified for the first time deformation patterns through the thickness of tibiofemoral articular cartilage in healthy human volunteers. Magnetic resonance imaging acquisitions were synchronized with physiologically relevant compressive loading and used to visualize and measure regional displacement and strain of tibiofemoral articular cartilage in a sagittal plane. We found that compression (of 1/2 body weight) applied at the foot produced a sliding, rigid-body displacement at the tibiofemoral cartilage interface, that loading generated subject- and gender-specific and regionally complex patterns of intratissue strains, and that dominant cartilage strains (approaching 12%) were in shear. Maximum principle and shear strain measures in the tibia were correlated with body mass index. Our MRI-based approach may accelerate the development of regenerative therapies for diseased or damaged cartilage, which is currently limited by the lack of reliable in vivo methods for noninvasive assessment of functional changes following treatment.

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Gender analysis of the anterior femoral condyle geometry of the knee

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Motion of the femoral condyles in flexion and extension during a continuous lunge

Motion of the femoral condyles in flexion and extension during a continuous lunge

Highly Variable Femoral Morphology in Osteoarthritic Chinese: Are Prostheses Today Sufficiently Suitable?

In vivo articular cartilage deformation: noninvasive quantification of intratissue strain during joint contact in the human knee

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