Gender and Disaster: Foundations and New Directions for Research and Practice

Enarson, Elaine; Fothergill, Alice; Peek, Lori

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63254-4_11

Cited by 89 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Women's concerns during these disasters were not always heeded by the men in their households, supporting previous research on intra‐household gendered relationships during crises (Enarson, Fothergill, and Peek, ). In some cases, this conflict delayed protective action and endangered the women, their children, and their male family members.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Importantly, research shows that reduced social capital and community engagement can intensify the stress caused by these events (Ritchie, ). Yet, limited research has focused on gendered differences in responses to disasters triggered by either natural or technological hazards beyond the participation of women in grassroots organising against the latter (Enarson, Fothergill, and Peek, ). It remains an open question as to how gender experiences differ among women across different types of disasters.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significance of gender in women's lived experience has previously been ignored or erased (Stacey and Thorne, 1985), and a recent increase in feminist analyses, research, and theory in various social settings has occurred with good reason (Luxton, 2015). Gender affects how women participate in daily social life and during emergencies (Fothergill, 1996;Enarson, Fothergill, and Peek, 2018). According to Stacey and Thorne (1985), many research gaps were because of sexist biases and a lack of inclusion of women's experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women's experiences across disasters: a study of two towns in Texas, United States

Villarreal

Meyer

2019

Disasters

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Gender, although gaining attention, remains under‐researched in disaster risk reduction protocols and response and recovery efforts. This study examines women's experiences of two disasters in small towns in the United States, utilising qualitative interviews with residents of Granbury and West, Texas, during the first year of disaster recovery. Granbury was struck by an EF‐4 tornado on 15 May 2013, whereas an explosion occurred at a local fertiliser facility in West on 17 April 2013. The paper explores how women's experiences of inter‐gender power dynamics in decision‐making, the prioritisation of childcare, and women's participation in the community affect their post‐disaster recovery. Previous research highlights different forms of human response and recovery vis‐à‐vis ‘natural’ and technological disasters, with less attention paid to gender differences. The results point to the persistent, and similar, effect of gender stratification on women's experiences across different types of disasters in the US and the continued importance of gender‐sensitive disaster policies and programmes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women's experiences across disasters: a study of two towns in Texas, United States

Villarreal

Meyer

2019

Disasters

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“…Overall, women work harder in the wake of devastation resulting from disasters, spending more time collecting and carrying resources home (Oglethorpe & Gelman, ). Environmental alterations in the form of disasters make it harder for women to fulfill their household responsibilities as well, therefore disproportionately impacting women and women's health (Enarson, Fothergill, & Peek, ; Oglethorpe & Gelman, ). So, although traditional expectations of women may negatively impact women's health (Heimer, ; Smith, ), environmental changes resulting from disasters may have even greater consequences for women's health.…”

Section: Disaster and Gendered Dimensions Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disasters also negatively impact women's economic standing and independence (e.g., Burroway, 2010;Enarson, 2000;Enarson et al, 2018;Wickrama & Lorenz, 2002). Interruptions in education during and after a disaster can halt women's progress in advancing their independence (e.g., Burroway, 2010;Enarson et al, 2018;Murray, 2013;Wickrama & Lorenz, 2002). Additionally, disasters may cost self-employed women their workspace and supplies.…”

Section: Disaster and Gendered Dimensions Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender, disaster, and women's access to contraception and reproductive health care

Berndt

2018

Sociology Compass

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Despite an increasing focus on health in disasters and the intersection of gender and disaster, there are few studies on women's health and access to essential reproductive health care during and after disasters. Even though contraceptives have an objective importance in maintaining reproductive health, there have been policy changes in the United States that run counter to this need, leading some to perceive women's health care as superfluous or morally wrong. With such a negative perception of women's reproductive health care, how are state‐level contraceptive policies and emergency refill laws constructed in a way that compromises women's ability to maintain an emergency supply of contraceptives and/or hinders their contraceptive access in disasters? In this review, I describe literature that answers this question while highlighting the lack of literature on this specific intersection. Additionally, I describe current policies that address this question. I then present a discussion and directions for future research to conclude this paper.

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How demographic developments determine the management of hydrometeorological hazard risks in rural communities: The linkages between demographic and natural hazards research

Clar

2019

WIREs Water

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The management of hydrometeorological hazard risks increasingly builds on the notion that the main constituents—hazard risk and vulnerability—have to be understood as dynamic processes. Natural hazards and their impacts are influenced by changes in land use and impacts of climate change, whereas the vulnerability of communities is, inter alia, determined by changes in their demographic composition. Structurally weak rural regions have to face these challenges, while their capacities to manage hydrometeorological risks are affected by major demographic developments, such as population decline and demographic aging (especially in Europe). Nonetheless, academic research regarding this issue is still in its infancy. Research on the relationship between hydrometeorological hazards and long‐term demographic change often focuses on one side of the coin: impacts of hazards on the demographic composition of communities. The impacts of demographic change onto communities' ability to prepare for, respond to and recover from natural hazards appear as disregarded link. This article gives an overview over linkages by reviewing literature at the intersection of demographic and hydrological hazard research. The review of more than 90 publications provides insights into how particular demographic factors (socioeconomic status; migration, residency, and mobility; gender and gender relations; education and knowledge; and religion and beliefs) determine the management of hydrometeorological hazard risks. Furthermore, it identifies publications which consider long‐term developments. The overview shows that we lack a thorough connection between demographic change and hydrometeorological hazard risk management, which would be crucial for in‐depth studies as well as a more dynamic understanding of respective linkages. This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Water Extremes Engineering Water > Planning Water

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Gender and Disaster: Foundations and New Directions for Research and Practice

Cited by 89 publications

References 88 publications

Women's experiences across disasters: a study of two towns in Texas, United States

Women's experiences across disasters: a study of two towns in Texas, United States

Gender, disaster, and women's access to contraception and reproductive health care

How demographic developments determine the management of hydrometeorological hazard risks in rural communities: The linkages between demographic and natural hazards research

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