Gender and ethnic disparities in energy poverty: The case of South Africa

Ngarava, Saul; Zhou, Leocadia; Ningi, Thulani; Chari, Martin Munashe; Mdiya, Lwandiso

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112755

Cited by 63 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The food insecurity status was obtained through a food insecurity index based on the 3 questions (herein after referred to as indicators) in that data set that focussed on households that ran out of money to buy food; anyone in the house that had gone without a meal in 7 days; and any children in the household that had gone hungry due to lack of food. The Min-Max normalisation method as used by Ngarava et al (2022 , 2020) was used to produce an indicator which fell between a range of 0–1, using the following metrics:

where

and

are the observed, minimum and maximum values of the indicator, respectively. The indicators were combined using equal weighting once standardisation was established.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical analysis on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in South Africa

Ngarava

2022

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C

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where

and

are the observed, minimum and maximum values of the indicator, respectively. The indicators were combined using equal weighting once standardisation was established.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical analysis on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in South Africa

Ngarava

2022

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C

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“…The use of paraffin in cooking, and as a business opportunity, is key in the unequal and gendered context of energy access and socio-economic opportunity in informal settlements, where the burden of obtaining energy for cooking mostly falls on women, as does the need to secure suitable lighting for uses such as indoor illumination and children's homework. At the same time, and underlining both gendered and racialised facets of energy inequalities in South Africa, Black/African and female-headed households are the most vulnerable to energy insecurity (Ngarava et al 2022). The provision of solar affected the demand for paraffin: mini-grid clients no longer used paraffin lamps due to their fire risk and the relative safety of solar.…”

Section: Placement and Proximitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Grid: The Micropolitics of Off‐Grid Energy in Qandu‐Qandu, South Africa

Bobbins,

Caprotti,

de Groot

et al. 2023

Antipode

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In this paper, we argue using smart technologies beyond the grid disrupts the access and use of existing energy sources, with profound impacts on everyday social life. We show how off‐grid smart energy solutions constitute their own politics when considering existing conceptualisations of urban infrastructures in geography and the social sciences. To expose its politics, or “micropolitics”, we consider how tensions occur at the interface between infrastructures, where there are additions and modifications. We draw on an empirical example of Qandu‐Qandu, an informal settlement in South Africa, to highlight how the placement, technical capabilities, and flexible financing options associated with off‐grid solar energy create micropolitics with profound implications for everyday life. To conclude, we reflect on the value of using disruptions for understanding and enhancing equity in off‐grid settings, contributing to the broader sustainability transitions narrative, and its “liveliness”.

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“…Most existing studies confirm that energy poverty harms social and economic wellbeing [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], causes education and gender inequality [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], increases residents’ health risk [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], and leads to ecological degradation [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Research on the influencing factors of energy poverty shows that household income, the educational level of residents, and social factors (age, ability, ethnicity) are the main causes of energy poverty [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Interaction and Socioeconomic Determinants of Rural Energy Poverty in China

Xia

Qian

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study investigated the energy poverty spatiotemporal interaction characteristics and socioeconomic determinants in rural China from 2000 to 2015 using exploratory time–space data analysis and a geographical detector model. We obtained the following results. (1) The overall trend of energy poverty in China’s rural areas was “rising first and then declining”, and the evolution trend of energy poverty in the three regions formed a “central–west–east” stepwise decreasing pattern. (2) There was a dynamic local spatial dependence and unstable spatial evolution process, and the spatial agglomeration of rural energy poverty in China had a relatively higher path dependence and locked spatial characteristics. (3) The provinces with negative connections were mainly concentrated in the central and western regions. Anhui and Henan, Inner Mongolia and Jilin, Jilin and Heilongjiang, Hebei and Shanxi, and Liaoning and Jilin constituted a strong synergistic growth period. (4) From a long-term perspective, the disposable income of rural residents had the greatest determinant power on rural energy poverty, followed by per capita GDP, rural labor education level, regulatory agencies, and energy investment. In addition, our findings showed that the selected driving factors all had enhanced effects on rural energy poverty in China through interaction effects.

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Gender and ethnic disparities in energy poverty: The case of South Africa

Cited by 63 publications

References 48 publications

Empirical analysis on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in South Africa

Empirical analysis on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in South Africa

Beyond the Grid: The Micropolitics of Off‐Grid Energy in Qandu‐Qandu, South Africa

Spatiotemporal Interaction and Socioeconomic Determinants of Rural Energy Poverty in China

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