Gender and Side-to-Side Differences of Femoral Condyles Morphology: Osteometric Data from 360 Caucasian Dried Femori

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to conduct direct measurements in a large sample of dried femori in order to record certain morphometric parameters of the femoral condyles and determine whether there are gender and side differences. Three hundred sixty (Greek) Caucasian dried femori (180 left and 180 right), from 192 males and 168 females, were measured using a digital caliper. The mean age was 67.52 years. The mean bicondylar width of the femur was 8.86 cm ± 0.42 cm in men and 7.85 cm ± 0.30 cm in women (P < 0.01). The relative values for the medial condylar depth were 6.11 cm ± 0.34 cm and 5.59 cm ± 0.29 cm (P < 0.05); for the lateral condylar depth were 6.11 cm ± 0.33 cm and 5.54 cm ± 0.21 cm (P < 0.01); for the intercondylar width were 2.20 cm ± 0.18 cm and 1.87 cm ± 0.10 cm (P < 0.001); for the intercondylar depth were 2.78 cm ± 0.16 cm and 2.37 cm ± 0.12 cm (P < 0.001). No significant side-to-side difference was observed in any parameter. The femoral condyles differences in anatomy between genders might be useful to the design of total knee prostheses. The contralateral healthy side can be safely used for preoperative templating since there were no significant side differences.

Morphometric Study of Lower End of Dry Femur in Gujarat Region and Its Clinical Implication

“…The measurements are very high in Greek (Caucasian) population in male as well as females. [3] These measurements were almost similar to other populations of Asia [4,14] but higher than population of West Bengal [17] and Indonesia [2] . The medial condylar anteroposterior distance (MCAPD) in males was 57.49±2.34 mm while in females it was 53.91±2.05) which was significantly higher in male than female (p<0.01).…”

“…The medial condylar anteroposterior distance (MCAPD) in males was 57.49±2.34 mm while in females it was 53.91±2.05) which was significantly higher in male than female (p<0.01). The lateral condylar anteroposterior distance (LCAPD) in males was 59.02±2.69 mm while in females it was 54.82±2.34 mm which was significantly higher in male than female (p<0.05).These measurements were lower than Greek (Caucasian) [3], Chinese [4] and Malasian [14] populations but higher than Indonesian population [2]. It is found similar to the population of Andhra Pradesh [16] but slightly higher in male and lower in females than population of West Bengal [17].…”

“…Joint replacement has considered beneficial for removing pain and improve the lifestyle of patients in severe case of osteoarthritis [2]. Accurate morphometric anatomical data of the lower end of femur and gender morphometric differences are very important to make design of total knee joint replacement and internal fixation material [3,4]. Mismatch between Morphometric data and selected prosthesis may cause severe complications like anterior cruciate ligament rupture, soft tissue imbalance, decreased movements of knee and implant loosening.…”

“…Mismatch between Morphometric data and selected prosthesis may cause severe complications like anterior cruciate ligament rupture, soft tissue imbalance, decreased movements of knee and implant loosening. [3,[5][6][7][8][9] So knee prosthesis made based on morphometric data of components of knee (femur and tibia) and according to gender will give better results in early mobility as well as less complications [2,4]. Recent studies are based on difference between gender and ethnic groups.…”

“…Recent studies are based on difference between gender and ethnic groups. [3,4,[10][11][12][13] Most of the morphometric studies are done with measurement by radiographs, CT scans or Magnetic resonance imaging techniques [2,4,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. There are few data available in which the study is done over dry femur by direct observations [3,16,17].…”