Gender Bias In SME Lending : Experimental Evidence From Turkey

Abstract

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth: What does it Mean for Sri Lanka?

“…While females are marginally less likely (3 percent) to own a formal account or have formal savings, the probability of obtaining credit is 15 percent less likely for them compared to males. This is in line with findings by Fay and Williams (1993), and Alibhai et al (2019) which indicate the credit bias faced by women. Women are 11 percent less likely than men to use digital cards.…”

Gendered Access to Finance: The Role of Team Formation, Idea Quality, and Implementation Constraints in Business Evaluations

“…Previous work has documented an investor bias against female entrepreneurs (Ewens & Townsend, 2020;Guzman & Kacperczyk, 2019;Hebert, 2020) and that female borrowers face tighter credit availability or less favorable loan terms (Agier & Szafarz, 2013;Alesina, Lotti, & Mistrulli, 2013;Asiedu, Freeman, & Nti-Addae, 2012;Bellucci, Borisov, & Zazzaro, 2010;Mascia & Rossi, 2017;Muravyev, Talavera, & Schäfer, 2009). Recent experimental work has pinpointed to loan officers' gender bias as a source of gender disparities in entrepreneurial finance (Alibhai et al, 2019;Brock & De Haas, 2023;Zhang, 2023). Closest to our study, Brock and De Haas (2023) provide causal evidence for gender discrimination in entrepreneurial lending.…”

An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Influencing Social Entrepreneurship: A Gendered Approach

“…On the other hand, supply-side debate considers the risk of discrimination of the female gender by financial institutions (Alibhai et al 2019). Research witnessed that the female gender faces more difficulties in getting loans from official financial institutions, believed by business owners as well (Pergelova et al 2019).…”