Gender Comparison of God Schemas: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis

Krejci, Mark J.

doi:10.1207/s15327582ijpr0801_7

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several adjective checklists examine individuals' concepts of God (Benson & Spilka, 1973;Johnson, Okun, & Cohen, 2013b;Krejci, 1998), which can be used to test the prediction that belief in a benevolent God will increase under coalition formation motivation. Moral emphases on harm and care can be measured with moral foundations questionnaire.…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental social motives and the varieties of religious experience

Johnson

Cohen

2014

Religion, Brain & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolutionary theorists have explained universals in religion, but no integrative theory exists to explain why multiple aspects of religion vary within and between individuals and groups. We propose how four dimensions of religions -beliefs about nonhuman agents, religious rituals, community structures, and moral concerns and values -may change in response to the fundamental social goals of self-protection, disease avoidance, coalition formation, status seeking, mating and mate retention, and kin care. We review empirical research and provide testable hypotheses, and finally discuss implications of this theoretical framework for the study of evolution and religion.

show abstract

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental social motives and the varieties of religious experience

Johnson

Cohen

2014

Religion, Brain & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Women and men also seem to have different images of God. Some studies report no gender differences in God images, whereas others find that women possess a more positive God image, emphasizing a personally relationship with a loving God, while men hold a more controlling God image, and focus on God’s power and judgment (Krejci 1998; Ozorak 1996). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religiousness and Religious Coping in a Secular Society: The Gender Perspective

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Women are found to be more religious than men and more likely to use religious coping. Only few studies have explored religious gender differences in more secular societies. This population-based study comprised 3,000 Danish men and women (response rate 45 %) between 20 and 40 years of age. Information about demographics, religiousness and religious coping was obtained through a web-based questionnaire. We organized religiousness in the three dimensions: Cognition, Practice and Importance, and we assessed religious coping using the brief RCOPE questionnaire. We found substantial gender differences in both religiousness and religious coping. Nearly, 60 % of the women believed in some sort of spirit or in God compared to 40 % of the men. Generally, both men and women scored low on the RCOPE scale. However, for respondents reporting high levels of religiousness, the proportion of men who scored high in the RCOPE exceeded the proportion of women in using positive and especially negative coping strategies. Also, in a secular society, women are found to be more religious than men, but in a subset of the most religious respondents, men were more inclined to use religious coping. Further studies on religious coping in secular societies are required.

show abstract

“…The result of the study revealed that women were more secure than men. Some studies showed previous studies support this finding: for example, Krejci (1998) found that women tended to have a more positive image of God, and placed greater emphasis on healing aspect of God's character (Nelsen, Cheek, & Au, 1985). Krejci (1998) employed multidimensional scaling analysis to uncover cognitive schemas individuals possess for their God images.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Some studies showed previous studies support this finding: for example, Krejci (1998) found that women tended to have a more positive image of God, and placed greater emphasis on healing aspect of God's character (Nelsen, Cheek, & Au, 1985). Krejci (1998) employed multidimensional scaling analysis to uncover cognitive schemas individuals possess for their God images. Analysis revealed that both men and women to organize their God images-schema on three dimensions, each existing continuums: judging-nurturing controlling-saving, and control-abstract.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gender Differences in Quality of Attachment to God, Forgiveness, Altruism, and Mental Health in College and Seminary School Students

Nosrati¹,

Bonab²,

Rabiee³

et al. 2017

JCRS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the current study was to investigate gender differences in quality of attachment to God, forgiveness, altruism and mental health in college and seminary school students as well. To fulfil the stated goal 993 individuals were selected by means of stratified sampling procedures and the following measures were distributed among them:Muslim-Spiritual Attachment Scale, Kin Altruism, Reciprocal Altruism Enright Forgiveness Inventory, and Symptom Checklist-90 Revised. Analysis of data using t test revealed significant differences between male and female students (P < 0.01). Moreover, data indicated that interpersonal sensitivity was higher in male students while somatization complains was higher among female students. Analysis of data showed that quality of secure attachment in female students were higher than male students (P < 0.01). Moreover, female students were higher in altruism, especially in domain of compassion (P < 0.05). In addition female students were higher in perceiving God as a Safe Haven and providing them with comfort and tranquility. Moreover, females students were higher in altruism (p < 0.05), and forgiveness (p < 0.01). The analysis of data revealed that female students were higher in the secure attachment to God, sympathy toward others and they scored higher in somatization complain while male students were higher in the interpersonal sensitivity. Theoretical implication and practical application of findings have been discussed in the original paper. Findings in this project were consistent with body of research findings.Theoretical implication and practical usage of the current study was described in the original paper. Data revealed that female student were higher in secure attachment to God, altruism and forgiveness. Showing emotional stability and higher spirituality

show abstract

Gender Comparison of God Schemas: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Fundamental social motives and the varieties of religious experience

Fundamental social motives and the varieties of religious experience

Religiousness and Religious Coping in a Secular Society: The Gender Perspective

Gender Differences in Quality of Attachment to God, Forgiveness, Altruism, and Mental Health in College and Seminary School Students

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About