Gender difference in the miotic potency of soman vapor in rats

Dabisch, Paul A.; Horsmon, Michael S.; Taylor, James T.; Muse, William T.; Miller, Dennis B.; Sommerville, Douglas R.; Mioduszewski, Robert J.; Thomson, Sandra A.

doi:10.1080/15569520802064376

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The experimental set-up and analysis described in our study is more informative than the ones described in other animal studies (Pennesi et al, 1998; Dabisch et al, 2008; Taylor et al, 2008; Mohan et al, 2013; Ostrin et al, 2014) as we have measured dynamic pupil change over time rather than pupil diameter only. The video pupillography was recorded at a frame rate (30 fps) similar to other animal studies that had sampling rate of every 33 ms, and was sufficient for calculating CV, and DV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The video pupillography was recorded at a frame rate (30 fps) similar to other animal studies that had sampling rate of every 33 ms, and was sufficient for calculating CV, and DV. Velocity offered more information about the state of the neurons along the visual pathway, as it is a direct indicator of the integrity and strength of the neural signals (Dabisch et al, 2008; Mohan et al, 2013). Our results in female guinea pigs were consistent with that reported by Howlett and McFadden (2007) which described an increase in pupil diameter from 2 days to 200 days of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this type of measurement is a lost opportunity to record the dynamic rate and magnitude of pupil diameter change over time. Similarly, pupil measurements in animals have been described in the literature (Pennesi et al, 1998; Dabisch et al, 2008; Mohan et al, 2013; Ostrin et al, 2014) but the parameters measured were limited to pupil size by the experimental set up or by the method of data analysis. A more informative and quantitative way of examining the pupils may be achieved by infrared (IR) videography, that allows the pupil constriction velocity (CV), re-dilation velocity (DV), pre and post illumination pupil sizes to be calculated (Miki et al, 2008; Mohan et al, 2013; Kaiser et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Infrared Video Pupillography Coupled with Smart Phone LED for Measurement of Pupillary Light Reflex

Chang

Turuwhenua

et al. 2017

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinical assessment of pupil appearance and pupillary light reflex (PLR) may inform us the integrity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Current clinical pupil assessment is limited to qualitative examination, and relies on clinical judgment. Infrared (IR) video pupillography combined with image processing software offer the possibility of recording quantitative parameters. In this study we describe an IR video pupillography set-up intended for human and animal testing. As part of the validation, resting pupil diameter was measured in human subjects using the NeurOptics™ (Irvine, CA, USA) pupillometer, to compare against that measured by our IR video pupillography set–up, and PLR was assessed in guinea pigs. The set-up consisted of a smart phone with a light emitting diode (LED) strobe light (0.2 s light ON, 5 s light OFF cycles) as the stimulus and an IR camera to record pupil kinetics. The consensual response was recorded, and the video recording was processed using a custom MATLAB program. The parameters assessed were resting pupil diameter (D1), constriction velocity (CV), percentage constriction ratio, re-dilation velocity (DV) and percentage re-dilation ratio. We report that the IR video pupillography set-up provided comparable results as the NeurOptics™ pupillometer in human subjects, and was able to detect larger resting pupil size in juvenile male guinea pigs compared to juvenile female guinea pigs. At juvenile age, male guinea pigs also had stronger pupil kinetics for both pupil constriction and dilation. Furthermore, our IR video pupillography set-up was able to detect an age-specific increase in pupil diameter (female guinea pigs only) and reduction in CV (male and female guinea pigs) as animals developed from juvenile (3 months) to adult age (7 months). This technique demonstrated accurate and quantitative assessment of pupil parameters, and may provide the foundation for further development of an integrated system useful for clinical applications.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infrared Video Pupillography Coupled with Smart Phone LED for Measurement of Pupillary Light Reflex

Chang

Turuwhenua

et al. 2017

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently published experimental data for GB vapor exposure in nonhuman primates, G-agents in swine, and rats exposed to VX further document the highly protective nature of these recommended clearance values (Genovese et al 2008, 2009; Dabisch et al 2008a,b; Whalley et al 2004, 2007). …”

Section: Inhalation/ocular Exposure Goals Suitable For General Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Health-Based Pre-Planning Clearance Goals for Airport Remediation Following a Chemical Terrorist Attack: Decision Criteria for Multipathway Exposure Routes

Watson

Dolislager

Hall

et al. 2011

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the event of a chemical terrorist attack on a transportation hub, post-event remediation and restoration activities necessary to attain unrestricted facility re-use and re-entry could require hours to multiple days. While timeframes are dependent on numerous variables, a primary controlling factor is the level of pre-planning and decision-making completed prior to chemical release. What follows is the second of a two-part analysis identifying key considerations, critical information and decision criteria to facilitate post-attack and post-decontamination consequence management activities. Decision criteria analysis presented here provides first-time, open-literature documentation of multi-pathway, health-based remediation exposure guidelines for selected toxic industrial compounds, chemical warfare agents, and agent degradation products for pre-planning application in anticipation of a chemical terrorist attack. Guideline values are provided for inhalation and direct ocular vapor exposure routes as well as percutaneous vapor, surface contact, and ingestion. Target populations include various employees as well as transit passengers. This work has been performed as a national case study conducted in partnership with the Los Angeles International Airport and The Bradley International Terminal. All recommended guidelines have been selected for consistency with airport scenario release parameters of a one-time, short-duration, finite airborne release from a single source followed by compound-specific decontamination.

show abstract

“…Consequently, pupil diameter is reduced, causing dim vision and reduction in visual field (Rengstorff, 1994). The light reflex response may also be reduced due to desensitization of muscarinic receptors in the iris (Lund-Karlsen and Fonnum, 1976;Shiraishi and Takayanagi, 1993;Dabisch et al, 2008;Genovese et al, 2008). In addition to miosis, ciliary muscle spasm may cause ocular pain that may lead to headaches, nausea, blurred vision and myopia (Smith and Smith, 1980;Rengstorff, 1985;Nohara and Segawa, 1996;Cannard, 2006;Yanagisawa et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy assessment of a combined anticholinergic and oxime treatment against topical sarin‐induced miosis and visual impairment in rats

Gore

Bloch-Shilderman

Egoz

et al. 2014

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEEye exposure to the organophosphorus (OP) irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor sarin results in long-term miosis and impaired visual function. We have previously shown that tropicamide is better at ameliorating this insult than topical atropine or cyclopentolate. However, to minimize side effects associated with repeated tropicamide applications and high treatment doses, we evaluated the effects of oximes (ChE re-activators) alone and combined with tropicamide at ameliorating OP-induced ocular impairments. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHRats were topically exposed to sarin, followed by topical treatment with various oximes alone or in combination with tropicamide. Pupil width and light reflex were measured by an infrared-based digital photograph system, while visual performance was assessed by employing the cueing version of the Morris water maze (MWM).

show abstract

Gender difference in the miotic potency of soman vapor in rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Infrared Video Pupillography Coupled with Smart Phone LED for Measurement of Pupillary Light Reflex

Infrared Video Pupillography Coupled with Smart Phone LED for Measurement of Pupillary Light Reflex

Developing Health-Based Pre-Planning Clearance Goals for Airport Remediation Following a Chemical Terrorist Attack: Decision Criteria for Multipathway Exposure Routes

Efficacy assessment of a combined anticholinergic and oxime treatment against topical sarin‐induced miosis and visual impairment in rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About