Gender differences among opioid abusers: Pathways to disorder and profiles of psychopathology

Luthar, Suniya S.; Cushing, Gretta; Rounsaville, Bruce J.

doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01310-5

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Meeting the needs of pregnant substance abusers re quires a greater understanding of the issues they bring to the treatment setting. Past research suggests that a variety of factors, both historical and current (Haller et al 2000;Gutierres & Todd 1997;Massachusetts Mothers Project 1997;Luthar, Cushing & Rounsaville 1996), contribute to Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 343 the complexity of treating perinatal substance abusers. The present study provided an opportunity to identify and de scribe differences among subgroups of perinatal substance abusers that may affect their decisions to enter treatment and/or highlight particular treatment needs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Severity of Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Problems Among Perinatal Drug-Dependent Women

Miles

Kulstad

Haller

2002

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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The present study assessed 108 women enrolled in a residential treatment program for perinatal substance abusers in order to examine possible subtypes based on current alcohol, other drug and psychiatric problem severity. Most participants were African-American (81%), unmarried (91%), unemployed (97%), high school graduates (63%) with a mean age of 30 years. The primary substances of abuse were cocaine/crack (87%) and opiates (9%). The majority (79%) of subjects were also nicotine dependent. Drug severity did not distinguish between these groups; however, when cluster analysis was applied to ASI alcohol and psychiatric composite scores, three clusters emerged: (1) high alcohol, drug, and psychiatric problem severity (57%); (2) high drug and psychiatric problem severity (20%); and (3) high drug severity only (23%). Neither current nor childhood demographic characteristics differed among the three groups. However, significant differences were found among selected childhood risk factors, including perceived quality of relationships with family, age of onset of substance use, childhood abuse history, and family history of mental illness. These results emphasize the need for careful assessment and treatment planning that addresses the unique needs of these women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Severity of Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Problems Among Perinatal Drug-Dependent Women

Miles

Kulstad

Haller

2002

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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“…5 These differential associations may reflect the peer group's intolerance for "nonfeminine" modes of behavior among adolescent girls (see Nolen-Hoeksema, 1990;Pipher, 1994). In general, substance use meets with greater societal disapproval and censure among females than among males (Luthar, Cushing, & Rounsaville, 1996;Luthar & Suchman, in press). …”

Section: Gender Differences In Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Links involving behaviorally manifested everyday social competence, by contrast, would be comparable across the two groups. These hypotheses were examined separately by gender, given prior evidence that antecedents and correlates of drug use can vary substantially by gender (e.g., Johnston, O 'Malley, & Bachman, 1995; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration, 1998;Luthar, Cushing, & Rounsaville, 1996;Windle, 1990Windle, , 1992. …”

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confidence: 99%

Contextual factors in substance use: A study of suburban and inner-city adolescents

1999

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Objectives in this research were to examine contextual differences in correlates of substance use among high school students. The focus was on two broad categories of adjustment indices: personal psychopathology (internalizing and externalizing problems) and behaviors reflecting social competence (academic achievement, teacher-rated classroom behaviors, and peer acceptance or rejection). Associations between drug use and each of these constructs were examined in two sociodemographically disparate groups: teens from affluent, suburban families (n = 264), and low socioeconomic status adolescents from inner-city settings (n = 224). Results indicated that suburban youth reported significantly higher levels of substance use than inner-city youth. In addition, their substance use was more strongly linked with subjectively perceived maladjustment indices. Comparable negative associations involving grades and teacher-rated behaviors were found in both groups, and among suburban males only, substance use showed robust positive associations with acceptance by peers. Results are discussed in terms of developmental perspectives on adolescent deviance, contextual socializing forces, and implications for preventive interventions and treatment.Substance use among American adolescents has remained at alarmingly high levels across the last several decades (Johnston, O'Malley, & Bachman, 1998). Epidemiological research indicates that after years of general decline, use of alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, and other drugs by teens escalated around 1990, and has yet to resume a significant downward trend (McMahon & Luthar, in press).Feelings of subjective inner distress are frequently implicated in adolescents' use of substances, as indicated by the frequent co-occurrence of chemical dependency disorders with other psychiatric diagnoses (Anthony, Warner, & Kessler, 1994; Warner, Kessler, Hughs, Anthony, & Nelson, 1995). Among youth in treatment for substance abuse, researchers have established that between 25 and 50% have at least one comorbid psychiatric diagnosis of a major depressive disorder (Bukstein, Glancy, & Kaminer, 1992;Deykin, Buka, & Zeena, 1992;Stowell & Estroff, 1992).Aside from affective disorders, anxiety disorders constitute another category of disturbed affect potentially implicated in adolescent substance use, although evidence in this regard has been less consistent. Results of a recent epidemiological study showed that whereas depression in youth served as a risk factor for substance use, anxiety symptoms did not (Costello, Erkanli, Federman, & Angold, in press). By contrast, Christie et al. (1988) reported a doubling of risk for subsequent drug use disorder in young adults who had an earlier disorder in either the anxiety or depressive categories. Daily cigarette smoking has also been found to be linked with an increased risk for anxiety disorders (Kandel et al., 1997), and the use of street drugs was reported to be a significant factor in discriminating between high-versus low-anxiety adolescents (Bern...

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“…There is a pressing need for further research-based understanding of the roots of drug abuse among women and men. As Luthar et al [63] noted, much of what has transpired in addiction treatment can be interpreted as attempts to suppress drugseeking behavior (e.g. relapse prevention training).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once females become addicted, they use at least as much heroin and other drugs as males. Nevertheless, there are data on gender-based patterns of heroin use to suggest that among the addicted population, initial gender differences between males and females tend to decline [56,60,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life on Admission to a Maintenance Treatment Program

et al. 2005

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We compared the gender differences in health-related quality of life (QOL) on admission to a maintenance program. 103 opioid users (65 men and 38 women) admitted to a maintenance treatment program during 2000–2002 were studied. During this period we assessed the QOL status using the German version (‘Berlin Quality of Life Profile’) of the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile. Physical symptoms were measured using the Opioid Withdrawal Scale. 312 urine screening tests were carried out to evaluate consumption. The female group showed significantly less additional consumption of other opiates (p = 0.043) compared with the male group. The male group showed significantly better QOL scores in self-esteem (p = 0.015), psychical health (p = 0.027), and law and security (p = 0.008). The outcome measures for withdrawal scores showed significantly less symptoms for males in twitching of muscles (p = 0.034), vomiting (p = 0.002), depressions (p = 0.004) and poor appetite (p = 0.008). In summary, both genders showed only a few significant differences on admission in terms of QOL and physical symptoms. The predominant effects of drug use appear to eclipse the gender-related role pattern. Further exploration of gender and QOL could have important theoretical and treatment implications.

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Gender differences among opioid abusers: Pathways to disorder and profiles of psychopathology

Cited by 45 publications

References 44 publications

Severity of Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Problems Among Perinatal Drug-Dependent Women

Severity of Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Problems Among Perinatal Drug-Dependent Women

Contextual factors in substance use: A study of suburban and inner-city adolescents

Gender Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life on Admission to a Maintenance Treatment Program

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