Gender differences in alcohol and substance use relapse

Walitzer, Kimberly S.; Dearing, Ronda L.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.11.003

Cited by 238 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Also all participants in this study were male as the rehabilitation centre is a male only facility. Research examining gender differences for substance abuse has found no differences for males and females in relation to self-efficacy, coping and relapse rates (Walitzer & Dearing, 2006). However, further research may be required to determine if gender differences occur with regard to spirituality, self efficacy and the experience of cravings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Spirituality and Religiosity Help in the Management of Cravings in Substance Abuse Treatment?

Mason

Deane

Kelly

et al. 2009

Substance Use & Misuse

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of spirituality, religiosity and self-efficacy with drug and/or alcohol cravings. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 77 male participants at an Australian Salvation Army residential rehabilitation service in 2007. The survey included questions relating to the participants' drug and/or alcohol use and also measures for spirituality, religiosity, cravings, and self-efficacy. The sample included participants aged between 19 and 74 years, with more than 57% reporting a diagnosis for a mental disorder and 78% reporting polysubstance misuse with alcohol most frequently endorsed as the primary drug of concern (71%). Seventy-five percent of the clients reported that spirituality and religious faith were useful components of the treatment program. A multivariate multiple regression analysis identified that spirituality and self-efficacy have significant relationships with cravings. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between spirituality and drug and/or alcohol cravings. The limitations of this study included its crosssectional design and a sample that was drawn from a faith-based program. Future research would benefit from the longitudinal examination of the relationship between spirituality, self-efficacy, and cravings; the exploration of a broader range of client-specific and interpersonal variables; and the inclusion of a control group from a secular treatment facility. Mason, SJ, Deane, FP, Kelly, P & Crowe, TP, Do spirituality and religiosity help in the management of cravings in substance abuse treatment?, Substance Use and Misuse, 44(13), 2009, 1926-1940 This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow.edu.au/hbspapers/947 Spirituality and cravings 1 This is a copy of the authors final peer-reviewed manuscript as accepted for publication.The article was published in Substance Use and Misuse. This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the journal. It is not the copy of record. The survey included questions relating to the participants' drug and/or alcohol use and also measures for spirituality, religiosity, cravings and self-efficacy. The sample included participants aged between 19 to 74 years, with more than 57 % reporting a diagnosis for a mental disorder and 78% reporting poly-substance misuse with alcohol most frequently endorsed as the primary drug of concern (71%). Seventy-five percent of clients reported that spirituality and religious faith were useful components of the treatment program. A multivariate multiple regression analysis identified that spirituality and self-efficacy have significant relationships with cravings. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between spirituality and drug and/or alcohol cravings. The limitations of this study included its cross-sectional design and a sample which was only drawn from a faith-based program. Future research would benefit from the longitudinal examination of the relationship between spirituality, self-efficacy and cravings, the explora...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Spirituality and Religiosity Help in the Management of Cravings in Substance Abuse Treatment?

Mason

Deane

Kelly

et al. 2009

Substance Use & Misuse

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“…Studies have shown few gender differences in rates of post-treatment relapse to alcohol use, although the evidence is mixed in regard to relapse to drug use. There are gender differences, however, in the situations that are associated with relapse to substance use (Walitzer and Dearing 2006). For males, these include living alone, positive emotional affect, and social pressures, whereas for females, relapse has been associated with living apart from one's children, being depressed, having a stressful marriage, and using within the context of "romantic" relationships (Rubin, Stout, and Longabaugh 1996;Saunders et al 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Gender Similarities and Differences in the Treatment, Relapse, and Recovery Cycle

Grella¹,

Scott

Foss

et al. 2008

Eval Rev

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This study explores the influence of gender on changes in recovery status among participants in a longitudinal study. The study sample (N = 1,202; 60% female) is recruited on referral to treatment, and annual interviews are conducted from Years 2 to 6 following intake. At each annual observation, participants are classified into one of four statuses (recovery, treatment, incarcerated, and using), and the transitional probabilities and correlates of transitioning from one status to another are estimated. About 80% of the participants changed status at least once over the followup period. Women are one third less likely to transition from recovery to using; the predictors of transitioning to different statuses vary by gender. The implications of gender as a moderator of the recovery process are discussed. Keywords gender differences; longitudinal follow-up; relapse; transition; recovery The concept of addiction as a chronic disorder, requiring long-term management much like other chronic disorders, has been widely disseminated and generally accepted within the substance abuse treatment field (McLellan 2002;McLellan et al. 2000;McLellan et al. 2005). Yet this way of conceptualizing addiction is still lacking in detailed empirical description (Anglin, Hser, and Grella 1997;Anglin et al. 2001). In particular, there is limited understanding of how frequently individuals change from one status to another during the recovery cycle (e.g., from abstinence to using or vice versa or from using into treatment) or about the correlates that accompany these changes in status. Prior research has shown that a majority of individuals relapse at some point following a treatment episode, and many of them subsequently reenter treatment (Grella, Hser, and Hsieh 2003). To study addiction as a chronic disorder, it is useful to take a "life course perspective," in which drug use, treatment, relapse, and recovery are not viewed as discrete events but rather as stages in a cyclical process where prior experiences of drug use and treatment influence later experiences (Hser, Longshore, and Anglin 2007;Scott, Foss, and Dennis 2005;Williams 2003). . Women tend to initiate drug and alcohol use later than men but progress faster to dependence (Greenfield et al. 2007). Moreover, men and women are subject to different social influences on their initiation of substance use; women more often report that initiation occurs within the context of sexual or interpersonal relationships, whereas men are more likely to report experimentation or peer influence as the context for drug use initiation (Frajzyngier et al. 2007;. Gender Differences in Drug Use and Treatment ParticipationSecond, gender differences are evident in the processes related to treatment initiation, including the social influences that may support or inhibit treatment entry and the referral pathways into treatment Weisner and Schmidt 1992). Women are more likely than men to enter treatment via the mental health and child welfare systems, whereas men are more likely to enter treat...

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“…History of CSA has been associated with earlier age at initiation of alcohol use, a greater number of alcohol-related problems, and earlier age at onset of AUDs in individuals presenting for alcohol treatment (Brems et al, 2004;Moncrieff et al, 1996;Zlotnick et al, 2006). More rapid relapse rates following treatment have been reported as well for individuals exposed to CSA (Greenfi eld et al, 2002;Walitzer and Dearing, 2006). Evidence for the link between CSA and alcohol-use outcomes is even more striking among adolescents with alcohol abuse or dependence.…”

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confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Complex Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Alcohol-Related Problems: A Review of Methodological Issues and Approaches

Sartor

Agrawal

McCutcheon

et al. 2008

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. This review describes and evaluates methodological approaches aimed at unraveling the association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and later misuse of alcohol, which is complicated by the signifi cant overlap between factors that elevate risk for CSA exposure and those that increase risk for problem alcohol use. We critique methods used to distinguish direct effects of CSA events on alcohol-related outcomes from the effects of risk factors frequently present in families in which CSA exposure occurs (e.g., parental alcohol-related problems). These methods include measurement and adjustment for potentially confounding factors and the use of co-twin designs. The fi ndings across methodological approaches provide support for a CSA-specifi c risk for alcohol misuse, despite the signifi cant contribution of family background factors to overall risk, but much work remains to be done before a comprehensive model for this association can be proposed. Additional directions for research, including the incorporation of measured genes and the use of longitudinal designs, are proposed to further efforts to model the pathways from CSA to alcohol-related problems. (J. Stud.

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Gender differences in alcohol and substance use relapse

Cited by 238 publications

References 66 publications

Do Spirituality and Religiosity Help in the Management of Cravings in Substance Abuse Treatment?

Do Spirituality and Religiosity Help in the Management of Cravings in Substance Abuse Treatment?

Gender Similarities and Differences in the Treatment, Relapse, and Recovery Cycle

Disentangling the Complex Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Alcohol-Related Problems: A Review of Methodological Issues and Approaches

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